Antibody boosting and short-term durability following SARS-CoV-2 infections in United States longitudinal…

Abstract

To characterize anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) IgG binding antibody responses following first PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in a highly vaccinated population, we evaluated antibody boosting and durability in a longitudinal cohort in Michigan. Among 113 participants with paired pre- and post-infection serum specimens tested using a multiplex electrochemiluminescence assay, SARS-CoV-2 infection induced substantial boosting of anti-N IgG concentrations; approximately 80% of participants becoming anti-N seropositive following infection, and 81% of participants demonstrating at least a 4-fold rise in antibody concentrations following infection. Population-level analyses of 66 participants with post-infection serum specimens collected 52-120 days after infection demonstrated sustained anti-N IgG concentrations over time, with no evidence of substantial decline. These findings demonstrate robust boosting and sustained infection-induced anti-N IgG responses in a highly vaccinated population through four months following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This supports the use of anti-N antibodies for longitudinal serosurveillance, including those who are vaccinated.

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Cite

BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{yang2026antibody,
  title = {{Antibody boosting and short-term durability following SARS-CoV-2 infections in United States longitudinal cohorts, 2020-2024}},
  author = {Y. Yang and A. Risukhina and A. Callear and C. Juntila-Raymond and E. Johnson and E.-T. Godonou and M. Smith and C. M. Midgley and J. M. Jones and A. S. Monto and E. T. Martin},
  howpublished = {medRxiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.64898/2026.09.17.26363304},
  url = {https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.17.26363304v1},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Antibody boosting and short-term durability following SARS-CoV-2 infections in United States longitudinal cohorts, 2020-2024
AU  - Y. Yang
AU  - A. Risukhina
AU  - A. Callear
AU  - C. Juntila-Raymond
AU  - E. Johnson
AU  - E.-T. Godonou
AU  - M. Smith
AU  - C. M. Midgley
AU  - J. M. Jones
AU  - A. S. Monto
AU  - E. T. Martin
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/17
PB  - medRxiv
DO  - 10.64898/2026.09.17.26363304
UR  - https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.17.26363304v1
AB  - To characterize anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) IgG binding antibody responses following first PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in a highly vaccinated population, we evaluated antibody boosting and durability in a longitudinal cohort in Michigan. Among 113 participants with paired pre- and post-infection serum specimens tested using a multiplex electrochemiluminescence assay, SARS-CoV-2 infection induced substantial boosting of anti-N IgG concentrations; approximately 80% of participants becoming anti-N seropositive following infection, and 81% of participants demonstrating at least a 4-fold rise in antibody concentrations following infection. Population-level analyses of 66 participants with post-infection serum specimens collected 52-120 days after infection demonstrated sustained anti-N IgG concentrations over time, with no evidence of substantial decline. These findings demonstrate robust boosting and sustained infection-induced anti-N IgG responses in a highly vaccinated population through four months following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This supports the use of anti-N antibodies for longitudinal serosurveillance, including those who are vaccinated.
ER  -

Abstract

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