Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Future Oncology
A plain language summary of results from the NeoADAURA study: treatment with osimertinib before surgery for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer that can be surgically removed
30 affiliations
- 1Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou, China
- 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Zurich, Thoracic Surgery, Clinic Bethanien, Zurich, Switzerland
- 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, The First Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- 4Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
- 5Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna Healthcare Group, Vienna, Austria
- 6Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- 7Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- 8Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- 9Vietnam National Lung Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, UMP, VNU, Hanoi, Vietnam
- 10Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- 11Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- 12Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- 13Department of Medical Oncology, Hanoi Oncology Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- 14Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Canter, Yokohama, Japan
- 15Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- 16Orlandi Oncología, Santiago, Chile
- 17Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University, School of Medicine, and Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
- 18Clinical Oncology Department, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
- 19Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- 20Department of Medical Oncology, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- 21Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- 22Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- 23Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- 24Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- 25Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- 26Late-stage Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- 27Biometrics, Late-stage Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- 28Late-stage Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- 29Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- 30Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
Abstract
Plain Language Summary: What is this summary about?
Osimertinib is an oral (by mouth) medicine that blocks the mutated form of a protein called EGFR on cancer cells, reducing their growth and spread.
Osimertinib is recommended for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after surgery, but its benefit before surgery was unclear.
The Phase 3 NeoADAURA study examined whether osimertinib alone, or with chemotherapy, before surgery improved outcomes for patients with EGFR-mutated stage 2–3B non-small cell lung cancer.
What were the results?
358 patients were randomly assigned to receive either osimertinib plus chemotherapy, osimertinib alone, or placebo plus chemotherapy. Most patients underwent surgery: more than 90% of those who had surgery had all the cancer removed.
The main result that this study looked at was major pathological response, which is defined as when 10% or fewer live cancer cells can be seen in tissue that is removed during surgery. Among all randomized patients, the proportion of patients achieving a major pathological response was: 26% with osimertinib plus chemotherapy
25% with osimertinib alone
2% with placebo plus chemotherapy.
After 1 year, among all randomized patients, 93% who received osimertinib plus chemotherapy, 95% of those receiving osimertinib alone, and 83% receiving placebo plus chemotherapy did not experience cancer worsening or the disease coming back and remained alive. No unexpected safety issues were found.
What do the results of the study mean?
In people living with stage 2–3B, EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer that can be surgically removed, osimertinib treatment with or without chemotherapy before surgery, worked better than placebo plus chemotherapy at reducing the amount of cancer at the time of surgery.
Clinical trial number: NCT04351555
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BibTeX
@article{he2026plain,
title = {{A plain language summary of results from the NeoADAURA study: treatment with osimertinib before surgery for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer that can be surgically removed}},
author = {Jianxing He and Walter Weder and Ke-Neng Chen and Maximilian J. Hochmair and Jin-Yuan Shih and Sung Yong Lee and Kang-Yun Lee and Viet Nhung Nguyen and Somcharoen Saeteng and Lunxu Liu and Ligang Xing and Nguyen Hoang Gia and Shuji Murakami and Yongtao Han and María Paz Saavedra and Seong Hoon Yoon and Carlos H.A. Teixeira and Carles Escriu and Alex Martinez-Martí and Collin M. Blakely and Yasushi Yatabe and Sanja Dacic and Yuri Rukazenkov and Xiangning Huang and Anupriya Dayal and Jamie E. Chaft and for the NeoADAURA Investigators},
journal = {Future Oncology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1080/14796694.2026.2739188},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2026.2739188},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - A plain language summary of results from the NeoADAURA study: treatment with osimertinib before surgery for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer that can be surgically removed
AU - Jianxing He
AU - Walter Weder
AU - Ke-Neng Chen
AU - Maximilian J. Hochmair
AU - Jin-Yuan Shih
AU - Sung Yong Lee
AU - Kang-Yun Lee
AU - Viet Nhung Nguyen
AU - Somcharoen Saeteng
AU - Lunxu Liu
AU - Ligang Xing
AU - Nguyen Hoang Gia
AU - Shuji Murakami
AU - Yongtao Han
AU - María Paz Saavedra
AU - Seong Hoon Yoon
AU - Carlos H.A. Teixeira
AU - Carles Escriu
AU - Alex Martinez-Martí
AU - Collin M. Blakely
AU - Yasushi Yatabe
AU - Sanja Dacic
AU - Yuri Rukazenkov
AU - Xiangning Huang
AU - Anupriya Dayal
AU - Jamie E. Chaft
AU - for the NeoADAURA Investigators
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - Future Oncology
DO - 10.1080/14796694.2026.2739188
UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/14796694.2026.2739188
AB - Plain Language Summary: What is this summary about? Osimertinib is an oral (by mouth) medicine that blocks the mutated form of a protein called EGFR on cancer cells, reducing their growth and spread. Osimertinib is recommended for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after surgery, but its benefit before surgery was unclear. The Phase 3 NeoADAURA study examined whether osimertinib alone, or with chemotherapy, before surgery improved outcomes for patients with EGFR-mutated stage 2–3B non-small cell lung cancer. What were the results? 358 patients were randomly assigned to receive either osimertinib plus chemotherapy, osimertinib alone, or placebo plus chemotherapy. Most patients underwent surgery: more than 90% of those who had surgery had all the cancer removed. The main result that this study looked at was major pathological response, which is defined as when 10% or fewer live cancer cells can be seen in tissue that is removed during surgery. Among all randomized patients, the proportion of patients achieving a major pathological response was: 26% with osimertinib plus chemotherapy 25% with osimertinib alone 2% with placebo plus chemotherapy. After 1 year, among all randomized patients, 93% who received osimertinib plus chemotherapy, 95% of those receiving osimertinib alone, and 83% receiving placebo plus chemotherapy did not experience cancer worsening or the disease coming back and remained alive. No unexpected safety issues were found. What do the results of the study mean? In people living with stage 2–3B, EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer that can be surgically removed, osimertinib treatment with or without chemotherapy before surgery, worked better than placebo plus chemotherapy at reducing the amount of cancer at the time of surgery. Clinical trial number: NCT04351555
SN - 1479-6694
SN - 1744-8301
ER -