Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
201,818 studies31 sourcesUpdated 27 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC 4.0The Medical Journal of Australia

Peritoneal Tuberculosis and Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: A Case of Hickam's Dictum

  • Zayn Al‐Timimi1,2
  • Gem Chew2,3
  • Martin Browne1,2
  • Christiaan Mostert1,2,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1UNSW Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
  2. 2Coffs Harbour Health Campus Coffs Harbour New South Wales Australia
  3. 3Royal North Shore Hospital Sydney New South Wales Australia
  4. 4Charles Sturt University Macksville New South Wales Australia
Read full textPDFDOICite

Abstract

We report the case of a 34‐year‐old male with persistent fever, ascites, thrombocytosis and clinical deterioration despite broad‐spectrum therapy who was ultimately diagnosed with peritoneal tuberculosis and concurrent chronic myeloid leukaemia. Initial investigations, including interferon‐γ release assay and ascitic acid‐fast bacilli, were negative, highlighting the limited sensitivity of traditional testing in extrapulmonary disease. Diagnosis required molecular testing and adenosine deaminase measurement, with delayed confirmation by culture. Bone marrow aspirate and trephine, pursued to broaden the differential diagnosis, revealed a Philadelphia chromosome. This case underscores the need for sustained diagnostic vigilance, multimodal investigation and avoidance of diagnostic parsimony.

Related

  1. Recurrent leukaemia stem cell states define the antigenic landscape of paediatric Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
    S. Kanannejad, M. Oporto Espuelas, C. D'Oria +16
    bioRxivPreprintAll rights reservedFull textOncologybioRxiv
  2. Prediction of acute myeloid leukaemia risk in healthy individuals
    Sagi Abelson, Grace Collord, Stanley W. K. Ng +72
    NaturePeer-reviewedLicence not statedFull text847 citedGeneral biologyOncologyHAL
  3. Ki-67, the chromosome periphery and de-compartmentalisation each contribute to nucleophosmin mislocalisation in acute myeloid leukaemia
    Martin Grundy, Peter Woodmancy, Kellie Lucken +6
    Nature CommunicationsPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full textGeneral medicineCrossref
  4. A combined program of induced stemness and differentiation in response to interferon gamma drives acute myeloid leukaemia growth
    C. Pospori, A. Donada, H. Boutzen +38
    bioRxivPreprintCC BYFull textOncologybioRxiv
  5. Richter Transformation of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: Biology, Diagnosis, and an Evolving Therapeutic Landscape
    Juan Marquet-Palomanes, Fernando Martin-Moro, Jose A. Garcia-Vela
    BiomedicinesPeer-reviewedCC BYFull textGeneral medicineEurope PMC

Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{altimimi2026peritoneal,
  title = {{Peritoneal Tuberculosis and Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: A Case of Hickam's Dictum}},
  author = {Zayn Al‐Timimi and Gem Chew and Martin Browne and Christiaan Mostert},
  journal = {The Medical Journal of Australia},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.5694/mja2.70326},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.70326},
  note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Peritoneal Tuberculosis and Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: A Case of Hickam's Dictum
AU  - Zayn Al‐Timimi
AU  - Gem Chew
AU  - Martin Browne
AU  - Christiaan Mostert
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
JO  - The Medical Journal of Australia
DO  - 10.5694/mja2.70326
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5694/mja2.70326
AB  - We report the case of a 34‐year‐old male with persistent fever, ascites, thrombocytosis and clinical deterioration despite broad‐spectrum therapy who was ultimately diagnosed with peritoneal tuberculosis and concurrent chronic myeloid leukaemia. Initial investigations, including interferon‐γ release assay and ascitic acid‐fast bacilli, were negative, highlighting the limited sensitivity of traditional testing in extrapulmonary disease. Diagnosis required molecular testing and adenosine deaminase measurement, with delayed confirmation by culture. Bone marrow aspirate and trephine, pursued to broaden the differential diagnosis, revealed a Philadelphia chromosome. This case underscores the need for sustained diagnostic vigilance, multimodal investigation and avoidance of diagnostic parsimony.
SN  - 0025-729X
SN  - 1326-5377
ER  -