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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Animal Biotechnology

Effects of xylooligosaccharide supplementation on methane emissions, rumen microbiome, and serum metabolome in lactating Jersey cows

  • Xiaonan Zhou1
  • Zhiyan Zhao2
  • Lei Zhao1
  • Qiyu Diao3
  • Lifeng Dong3
  • Xiaolong Kang1
  1. 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
  2. 2Yinchuan Animal Husbandry Technical Extension and Service Center, Yinchuan, China
  3. 3Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are recognized as effective prebiotics that can mitigate methane (CH4) emissions. However, the specific relationship between the effects of XOS on CH4 emissions and alterations in the ruminal microbiota and their metabolites remains unclear. To investigate the relationship between XOS and CH4 emissions, 48 Jersey cows were randomly divided into two groups: the XOS group (group T) and the control group (group C). Group T received 25 g/d of XOS, while group C received 0 g/d of XOS added to the basal diet. Three randomly selected cows from each group, exhibiting consistent milk production and lactation stage, were analyzed for CH4 emissions detection, 16S rRNA sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics analysis. The addition of XOS significantly reduced CH4 emissions and increased both the number of observed species and the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) index of ruminal microbiota compared to group C. Sixteen differential metabolites were identified between the two groups; these differential metabolites were correlated with microbiota, including Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Succiniclasticum. The study suggests that XOS may regulate ruminant CH4 emissions by influencing the microbiota, thereby providing a rationale for CH4 control.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhou2026effects,
  title = {{Effects of xylooligosaccharide supplementation on methane emissions, rumen microbiome, and serum metabolome in lactating Jersey cows}},
  author = {Xiaonan Zhou and Zhiyan Zhao and Lei Zhao and Qiyu Diao and Lifeng Dong and Xiaolong Kang},
  journal = {Animal Biotechnology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1080/10495398.2026.2743468},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2026.2743468},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Effects of xylooligosaccharide supplementation on methane emissions, rumen microbiome, and serum metabolome in lactating Jersey cows
AU  - Xiaonan Zhou
AU  - Zhiyan Zhao
AU  - Lei Zhao
AU  - Qiyu Diao
AU  - Lifeng Dong
AU  - Xiaolong Kang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/22
JO  - Animal Biotechnology
DO  - 10.1080/10495398.2026.2743468
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2026.2743468
AB  - Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are recognized as effective prebiotics that can mitigate methane (CH4) emissions. However, the specific relationship between the effects of XOS on CH4 emissions and alterations in the ruminal microbiota and their metabolites remains unclear. To investigate the relationship between XOS and CH4 emissions, 48 Jersey cows were randomly divided into two groups: the XOS group (group T) and the control group (group C). Group T received 25 g/d of XOS, while group C received 0 g/d of XOS added to the basal diet. Three randomly selected cows from each group, exhibiting consistent milk production and lactation stage, were analyzed for CH4 emissions detection, 16S rRNA sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics analysis. The addition of XOS significantly reduced CH4 emissions and increased both the number of observed species and the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) index of ruminal microbiota compared to group C. Sixteen differential metabolites were identified between the two groups; these differential metabolites were correlated with microbiota, including Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Succiniclasticum. The study suggests that XOS may regulate ruminant CH4 emissions by influencing the microbiota, thereby providing a rationale for CH4 control.
SN  - 1049-5398
SN  - 1532-2378
ER  -