Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists
Abstract
CONTEXT: Although the clinical use of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated fixed lingual retainers has increased globally, evidence about their adoption among orthodontists in the Middle East remains limited. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate current knowledge levels, attitudes, and clinical practices of Iraqi orthodontists regarding CAD/CAM fixed lingual retainers and, which demographic or professional factors influence their clinical use. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed to the Iraqi orthodontists via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Only 12.6% of the participants had incorporated CAD/CAM retainers into routine clinical work. After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, CAD/CAM implementation remained significantly associated with practice setting. Orthodontists in private practice were the primary adopters of CAD/CAM technology. CONCLUSION: The preference of Iraqi orthodontists for CAD/CAM retention technology over conventional procedures remains limited. Expanding continuing education initiatives and including digital workflows training in postgraduate orthodontic programs may have potential for broader clinical implementation.
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BibTeX
@article{alkhateeb2026clinical,
title = {{Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists}},
author = {Hiba M. Alkhateeb and Ali M. Al-Attar},
journal = {Journal of Orthodontic Science},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.4103/jos.jos_199_25},
url = {https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_199_25},
note = {CC BY-NC-SA},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Clinical integration and utilization patterns of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) fixed lingual retainers: A national survey of orthodontists
AU - Hiba M. Alkhateeb
AU - Ali M. Al-Attar
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
JO - Journal of Orthodontic Science
DO - 10.4103/jos.jos_199_25
UR - https://doi.org/10.4103/jos.jos_199_25
AB - CONTEXT: Although the clinical use of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated fixed lingual retainers has increased globally, evidence about their adoption among orthodontists in the Middle East remains limited. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate current knowledge levels, attitudes, and clinical practices of Iraqi orthodontists regarding CAD/CAM fixed lingual retainers and, which demographic or professional factors influence their clinical use. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Over a period of 3 months, a 25-item questionnaire was distributed to the Iraqi orthodontists via Google Forms to collect data on clinical preferences and CAD/CAM use and awareness. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: Only 12.6% of the participants had incorporated CAD/CAM retainers into routine clinical work. After Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, CAD/CAM implementation remained significantly associated with practice setting. Orthodontists in private practice were the primary adopters of CAD/CAM technology. CONCLUSION: The preference of Iraqi orthodontists for CAD/CAM retention technology over conventional procedures remains limited. Expanding continuing education initiatives and including digital workflows training in postgraduate orthodontic programs may have potential for broader clinical implementation.
SN - 2278-1897
SN - 2278-0203
ER -