Cerebrospinal fluid surfactant protein-G in neurodegenerative dementia: A comparative study with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus.
- 1Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Laboratorio di Ricerche di Neurobiologia Clinica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Piancavallo, VB, Italy.
- 2"Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
- 3Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, U.O. di Neurologia e Neuroriabilitazione, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Piancavallo, VB, Italy.
Abstract
BackgroundSurfactant protein G (SP-G) is a recently characterized protein potentially involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. Its role in human neurodegenerative dementia remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the potential clinical relevance of CSF SP-G levels in neurodegenerative dementia (ND; including Alzheimer's disease [AD] and frontotemporal dementia [FTD]), idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), vascular dementia (VaD), and clinical controls (CTR).MethodsCSF SP-G levels were quantified in 94 individuals: 35 with ND (11 AD + 24 FTD), 19 with iNPH, 13 with VaD, and 27 CTR. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA with post hoc tests. ANCOVA was performed to adjust for age.ResultsCSF SP-G levels differed significantly among groups in the primary analysis (ANOVA: F(3,90) = 3.862, p = 0.012), with higher levels in iNPH compared with ND (p = 0.012) and CTR (p = 0.026). No significant differences were observed between ND, VaD, and CTR groups. After adjustment for age, the group effect was no longer significant (F(3,89) = 2.253, p = 0.088).ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate CSF SP-G levels in neurodegenerative dementia. Our findings suggest that SP-G is more closely related to altered CSF physiology in iNPH than to neurodegenerative pathology, although the influence of age indicates that these observations should be interpreted with caution. SP-G may represent a candidate marker of CSF homeostasis and fluid dynamics. Larger, age-matched studies integrating SP-G with established CSF biomarkers and neuroimaging are needed to clarify its diagnostic and pathophysiological significance.
Related
- Cerebrospinal fluid shunt outcomes in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and an Evans index below 0.3: a prospective study
- Parkinsonism in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus or Hydrocephalic Presentation in Parkinson's Disease: A Report of Three Cases
- Serum concentration of Surfactant protein D at diagnosis is associated with malnutrition in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- Automated Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Quantification in Hydrocephalus Using Phase‐Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Patient‐Informed Biomechanical Modeling Reveals Mechanical Mechanism of Brain Damage in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
BibTeX
@article{cattaldo2026cerebrospinal,
title = {{Cerebrospinal fluid surfactant protein-G in neurodegenerative dementia: A comparative study with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus.}},
author = {Stefania Cattaldo and Federica Scarpina and Elisa Prina and Paolo Piterà and Alessandra Milesi and Erica Sabattini and Matteo Bigoni and Corrado Azzaro and Luca Guglielmo Pradotto and Alessandro Mauro and Lorenzo Priano},
journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1177/13872877261487596},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42847983},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Cerebrospinal fluid surfactant protein-G in neurodegenerative dementia: A comparative study with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus.
AU - Stefania Cattaldo
AU - Federica Scarpina
AU - Elisa Prina
AU - Paolo Piterà
AU - Alessandra Milesi
AU - Erica Sabattini
AU - Matteo Bigoni
AU - Corrado Azzaro
AU - Luca Guglielmo Pradotto
AU - Alessandro Mauro
AU - Lorenzo Priano
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
DO - 10.1177/13872877261487596
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42847983
AB - BackgroundSurfactant protein G (SP-G) is a recently characterized protein potentially involved in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. Its role in human neurodegenerative dementia remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the potential clinical relevance of CSF SP-G levels in neurodegenerative dementia (ND; including Alzheimer's disease [AD] and frontotemporal dementia [FTD]), idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), vascular dementia (VaD), and clinical controls (CTR).MethodsCSF SP-G levels were quantified in 94 individuals: 35 with ND (11 AD + 24 FTD), 19 with iNPH, 13 with VaD, and 27 CTR. Group differences were analyzed using ANOVA with post hoc tests. ANCOVA was performed to adjust for age.ResultsCSF SP-G levels differed significantly among groups in the primary analysis (ANOVA: F(3,90) = 3.862, p = 0.012), with higher levels in iNPH compared with ND (p = 0.012) and CTR (p = 0.026). No significant differences were observed between ND, VaD, and CTR groups. After adjustment for age, the group effect was no longer significant (F(3,89) = 2.253, p = 0.088).ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate CSF SP-G levels in neurodegenerative dementia. Our findings suggest that SP-G is more closely related to altered CSF physiology in iNPH than to neurodegenerative pathology, although the influence of age indicates that these observations should be interpreted with caution. SP-G may represent a candidate marker of CSF homeostasis and fluid dynamics. Larger, age-matched studies integrating SP-G with established CSF biomarkers and neuroimaging are needed to clarify its diagnostic and pathophysiological significance.
SN - 1387-2877
SN - 1875-8908
ER -