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Peer-reviewedCC BYFrontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Comparison of intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus stresses under different lumbar curvature configurations

  • Shengbo Niu1
  • Huan Yang2
  • Jianghong Wu3
  • Lin Song4
  • Bingkun Meng5
  • Zehao Niu6
  • Qudi Zhang1
  • Xuhui Zhang1
6 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, The 83rd Group Army Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, China
  2. 2Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
  3. 3Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
  4. 4Department of Orthopedics, Liaocheng Infectious Diseases Hospital, Liaocheng, Shan Dong, China
  5. 5Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
  6. 6Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The 83rd Group Army Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Abstract

BackgroundTo compare the intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus stresses under different lumbar curvature configurations.MethodsFinite element models of a healthy lumbar spine were established for eight postures: standing with a forward inclination position, standing in a neutral position, standing with a backward inclination position, relaxed sitting with a forward inclination position, upright sitting in a neutral position, relaxed sitting with a backward inclination position, relaxed sitting in a neutral position, and relaxed sitting in a neutral position with lumbar support. After assigning different material properties, the model of the standing in neutral position was selected for validation. Following the application of a 400 N physiological load, the lumbar intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus von Mises stresses were analyzed for each posture.ResultsAmong the three standing postures, the peak von Mises stresses in the L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 discs were higher than that in the L1-L2 and L2-L3 discs. The smallest peak von Mises stresses in the L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 discs were observed in the neutral standing position. The nucleus pulposus stresses were minimal in the L3-L4 and L4-L5 discs in the neutral standing position, while the nucleus pulposus stresses in L5-S1 disc was minimal in the backward-inclined standing position. Among the five sitting postures, the smallest peak von Mises stress and nucleus pulposus stresses in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs were found in the upright sitting in a neutral position and the relaxed sitting in a neutral position with lumbar support. Across all postures, the nucleus pulposus stresses was the lowest.ConclusionLumbar curvature configurations significantly influences both the distribution and magnitude of von Mises stress in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs and nucleus pulposus. Maintaining proper spinal alignment and avoiding postures that reduce lumbar lordosis are generally more favorable for lowering stress levels at these two segments.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{niu2026comparison,
  title = {{Comparison of intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus stresses under different lumbar curvature configurations}},
  author = {Shengbo Niu and Huan Yang and Jianghong Wu and Lin Song and Bingkun Meng and Zehao Niu and Qudi Zhang and Xuhui Zhang},
  journal = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fbioe.2026.1969400},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1969400},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparison of intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus stresses under different lumbar curvature configurations
AU  - Shengbo Niu
AU  - Huan Yang
AU  - Jianghong Wu
AU  - Lin Song
AU  - Bingkun Meng
AU  - Zehao Niu
AU  - Qudi Zhang
AU  - Xuhui Zhang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/23
JO  - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
DO  - 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1969400
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1969400
AB  - BackgroundTo compare the intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus stresses under different lumbar curvature configurations.MethodsFinite element models of a healthy lumbar spine were established for eight postures: standing with a forward inclination position, standing in a neutral position, standing with a backward inclination position, relaxed sitting with a forward inclination position, upright sitting in a neutral position, relaxed sitting with a backward inclination position, relaxed sitting in a neutral position, and relaxed sitting in a neutral position with lumbar support. After assigning different material properties, the model of the standing in neutral position was selected for validation. Following the application of a 400 N physiological load, the lumbar intervertebral disc and nucleus pulposus von Mises stresses were analyzed for each posture.ResultsAmong the three standing postures, the peak von Mises stresses in the L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 discs were higher than that in the L1-L2 and L2-L3 discs. The smallest peak von Mises stresses in the L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 discs were observed in the neutral standing position. The nucleus pulposus stresses were minimal in the L3-L4 and L4-L5 discs in the neutral standing position, while the nucleus pulposus stresses in L5-S1 disc was minimal in the backward-inclined standing position. Among the five sitting postures, the smallest peak von Mises stress and nucleus pulposus stresses in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs were found in the upright sitting in a neutral position and the relaxed sitting in a neutral position with lumbar support. Across all postures, the nucleus pulposus stresses was the lowest.ConclusionLumbar curvature configurations significantly influences both the distribution and magnitude of von Mises stress in the L4-L5 and L5-S1 intervertebral discs and nucleus pulposus. Maintaining proper spinal alignment and avoiding postures that reduce lumbar lordosis are generally more favorable for lowering stress levels at these two segments.
SN  - 2296-4185
ER  -