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Peer-reviewedCC BYDiscover Oncology

[18F]FDG-PET/MRI in the evaluation of cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx.

  • Maun R. Baral1
  • Sambhawana Bhandari2
  • Dhanush Amin3
  • Shashi Bhushan Singh4
  • Samikshya Bhandari5
  • Sadikshya Bhandari6
  • Priyanka Bharti7
  • Michelle Miller-Thomas8
  • Pradeep Bhambhvani9
  • Manoj Tanwar10
10 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis
  2. 2Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis
  3. 3Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
  4. 4Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine
  5. 5Nepal Medical College
  6. 6Danbury Hospital-Nuvance Health
  7. 7University of Alabama at Birmingham
  8. 8Division of Neuroradiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis
  9. 9Department of Radiology, Division of Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham
  10. 10Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Abstract

Cancers of the oral cavity (OCC) and oropharynx (OPC) affect nearly 59,000 individuals annually in the United States. [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging ([18F]FDG-PET/MRI) is an advanced hybrid modality integrating metabolic and anatomical imaging and is increasingly being studied for evaluating these malignancies. This review examines its clinical utility in diagnosis, staging, and management of OCC and OPC. Current evidence suggests that [18F]FDG-PET/MRI may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy by providing superior soft tissue contrast and complementary metabolic information, particularly for detecting perineural spread and muscle involvement. For tumor staging, it may offer improved tumor delineation compared with contrast-enhanced MRI, especially in the presence of dental artifacts. Detection of nodal metastases may also be enhanced compared to MRI alone through combined assessment of morphological features and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Emerging data indicate that [18F]FDG-PET/MRI may aid detection of distant metastases and prediction of human papillomavirus status through apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) correlations. Associations between imaging biomarkers such as SUV and ADC and histopathological markers including Ki-67 and Programmed Death-Ligand-1 support its role in assessing tumor aggressiveness. Additionally, [18F]FDG-PET/MRI can assist in biopsy planning and may reduce unnecessary neck dissections. Compared to PET/CT, [18F]FDG-PET/MRI offers superior soft tissue contrast, lower radiation, fewer dental artifacts, and improved detection of intracranial metastases. Overall, it is a promising tool for improving diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning, although further studies are needed to define its precise role in routine practice.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{baral202618ffdgpetmri,
  title = {{[18F]FDG-PET/MRI in the evaluation of cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx.}},
  author = {Maun R. Baral and Sambhawana Bhandari and Dhanush Amin and Shashi Bhushan Singh and Samikshya Bhandari and Sadikshya Bhandari and Priyanka Bharti and Michelle Miller-Thomas and Pradeep Bhambhvani and Manoj Tanwar},
  journal = {Discover Oncology},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1007/s12672-026-05625-6},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-026-05625-6},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - [18F]FDG-PET/MRI in the evaluation of cancers of the oral cavity and oropharynx.
AU  - Maun R. Baral
AU  - Sambhawana Bhandari
AU  - Dhanush Amin
AU  - Shashi Bhushan Singh
AU  - Samikshya Bhandari
AU  - Sadikshya Bhandari
AU  - Priyanka Bharti
AU  - Michelle Miller-Thomas
AU  - Pradeep Bhambhvani
AU  - Manoj Tanwar
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Discover Oncology
DO  - 10.1007/s12672-026-05625-6
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-026-05625-6
AB  - Cancers of the oral cavity (OCC) and oropharynx (OPC) affect nearly 59,000 individuals annually in the United States. [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging ([18F]FDG-PET/MRI) is an advanced hybrid modality integrating metabolic and anatomical imaging and is increasingly being studied for evaluating these malignancies. This review examines its clinical utility in diagnosis, staging, and management of OCC and OPC. Current evidence suggests that [18F]FDG-PET/MRI may improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy by providing superior soft tissue contrast and complementary metabolic information, particularly for detecting perineural spread and muscle involvement. For tumor staging, it may offer improved tumor delineation compared with contrast-enhanced MRI, especially in the presence of dental artifacts. Detection of nodal metastases may also be enhanced compared to MRI alone through combined assessment of morphological features and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Emerging data indicate that [18F]FDG-PET/MRI may aid detection of distant metastases and prediction of human papillomavirus status through apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) correlations. Associations between imaging biomarkers such as SUV and ADC and histopathological markers including Ki-67 and Programmed Death-Ligand-1 support its role in assessing tumor aggressiveness. Additionally, [18F]FDG-PET/MRI can assist in biopsy planning and may reduce unnecessary neck dissections. Compared to PET/CT, [18F]FDG-PET/MRI offers superior soft tissue contrast, lower radiation, fewer dental artifacts, and improved detection of intracranial metastases. Overall, it is a promising tool for improving diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning, although further studies are needed to define its precise role in routine practice.
SN  - 2730-6011
ER  -