Association of glycated apolipoprotein A1 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with coronary disease severity and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital
- 2Department of traditional Chinese medicine, Peking University International Hospital
- 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yuxi People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province
- 4Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
Abstract
The global burden and serious outcomes of coronary heart disease (CHD) highlight the need for further comprehensive research. This study explored the predictive value of glycated apolipoprotein A-1 (G-apoA1) and glycated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (G-LDL-C) levels for coronary artery obstruction severity and future major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study included 3,292 patients with T2DM who were followed up for 5 years. Patients were stratified into quartiles of G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C, and associations with the incidence of MACEs were assessed by comparing quartile groups. Logistic regression and Spearman’s correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations of G‑apoA1 and G‑LDL‑C with CHD risk, while Cox regression was used to estimate the risk of MACEs. G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels were significantly higher in patients with T2DM and CHD than in those with T2DM without CHD and were identified as independent risk factors for CHD [G-apoA1: odds ratio (OR) = 2.021, 95%CI: 1.622–2.519, p < 0.001; G-LDL-C: OR = 2.038, 95%CI: 1.616–2.570, p < 0.001]. These levels were also positively correlated with the number of obstructed coronary arteries and the Gensini score (GS). During the 5-year follow-up period, 443 patients experienced MACEs. An analysis using restricted cubic spline models revealed that the incidence of MACEs increased with higher G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significantly higher risk of MACEs among patients in the highest quartile than among those in the lowest quartile [G-apoA1: hazard ratio (HR):2.183, 95%CI: 1.630–2.923, p < 0.001; G-LDL-C: HR:2.798, 95%CI: 2.053–3.812, p < 0.001]. This study showed that G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels were associated with CHD in patients with T2DM and correlated with the severity of coronary obstruction. Moreover, higher G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels were associated with an increased incidence of MACEs.
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BibTeX
@article{gu2026association,
title = {{Association of glycated apolipoprotein A1 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with coronary disease severity and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes}},
author = {Jun-Xu Gu and Juan Huang and Ai-Min Zhang and Yue Yin and Yi-Wen Ding and Hui-Zhang Bao and Na Zhang and Li Qin and Chun-Yan Wang and Zhi-Hong Yue and Lin Pei and Mei Jia and Kun Wang and Shan-Shan Li and Ming Su},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-63173-z},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63173-z},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Association of glycated apolipoprotein A1 and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with coronary disease severity and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes
AU - Jun-Xu Gu
AU - Juan Huang
AU - Ai-Min Zhang
AU - Yue Yin
AU - Yi-Wen Ding
AU - Hui-Zhang Bao
AU - Na Zhang
AU - Li Qin
AU - Chun-Yan Wang
AU - Zhi-Hong Yue
AU - Lin Pei
AU - Mei Jia
AU - Kun Wang
AU - Shan-Shan Li
AU - Ming Su
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
JO - Scientific Reports
DO - 10.1038/s41598-026-63173-z
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63173-z
AB - The global burden and serious outcomes of coronary heart disease (CHD) highlight the need for further comprehensive research. This study explored the predictive value of glycated apolipoprotein A-1 (G-apoA1) and glycated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (G-LDL-C) levels for coronary artery obstruction severity and future major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study included 3,292 patients with T2DM who were followed up for 5 years. Patients were stratified into quartiles of G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C, and associations with the incidence of MACEs were assessed by comparing quartile groups. Logistic regression and Spearman’s correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate the associations of G‑apoA1 and G‑LDL‑C with CHD risk, while Cox regression was used to estimate the risk of MACEs. G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels were significantly higher in patients with T2DM and CHD than in those with T2DM without CHD and were identified as independent risk factors for CHD [G-apoA1: odds ratio (OR) = 2.021, 95%CI: 1.622–2.519, p < 0.001; G-LDL-C: OR = 2.038, 95%CI: 1.616–2.570, p < 0.001]. These levels were also positively correlated with the number of obstructed coronary arteries and the Gensini score (GS). During the 5-year follow-up period, 443 patients experienced MACEs. An analysis using restricted cubic spline models revealed that the incidence of MACEs increased with higher G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significantly higher risk of MACEs among patients in the highest quartile than among those in the lowest quartile [G-apoA1: hazard ratio (HR):2.183, 95%CI: 1.630–2.923, p < 0.001; G-LDL-C: HR:2.798, 95%CI: 2.053–3.812, p < 0.001]. This study showed that G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels were associated with CHD in patients with T2DM and correlated with the severity of coronary obstruction. Moreover, higher G-apoA1 and G-LDL-C levels were associated with an increased incidence of MACEs.
SN - 2045-2322
ER -