Xanthine oxidase inhibitory evaluation of prenylated flavonoids from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) shells: in vitro and in silico molecular docking studies.
4 affiliations
- 1Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, Cho Quan Ward Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Vietnam.
- 2Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City Vo Truong Toan Street, Linh Xuan Ward Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Vietnam City Vietnam.
- 3Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Environment, An Giang University, Vietnam National University of Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Vietnam.
- 4Research Lab for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Science VNUHCM Urban Area, Linh Xuan Ward Ho Chi Minh City 70000 Vietnam.
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture has become a crucial priority because the improper management of agricultural waste currently contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, as well as soil and air pollution. The shells of Arachis hypogaea L., which is commonly discarded as an agricultural by-product, have been reported to contain various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, stilbenes, triterpenoids, etc. This work led to the isolation of two new prenylated flavonoids, arachisflavones A (1) and B (2), together with five prenylated flavones (3-7), two prenylated chalcones (8-9), and three prenylated flavanones (10-12) from the EtOAc extract of peanut shells. Notably, this is the first report isolating prenylated flavonoids from the Arachis genus and evaluating their xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The XO inhibitory assays revealed that 6/12 isolated compounds showed inhibitory activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.256 to 59.1 µM. Among them, yinyanghuo E (6) showed the strongest XO inhibitory effect with an IC₅₀ value of 0.256 ± 0.008 µM (95% CI: 0.238 to 0.275), comparable with the positive controls, allopurinol (IC₅₀ = 2.34 ± 0.08 µM) (95% CI: 2.17 to 2.52) and febuxostat (IC₅₀ = 0.018 ± 0.002 µM) (95% CI: 0.014 to 0.022). Molecular docking suggested that the active compounds exhibited favorable docking scores through interactions with key catalytic residues, including Arg880, Thr1010, Phe914, and Phe1009. Furthermore, ADMET prediction analysis revealed that arachis flavones A (1) possessed the most favorable predicted drug-likeness properties among the isolated compounds.
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BibTeX
@article{hoang2026xanthine,
title = {{Xanthine oxidase inhibitory evaluation of prenylated flavonoids from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) shells: in vitro and in silico molecular docking studies.}},
author = {Phuc Tuong Ngo Hoang and Truong Nhat Van Do and Tuyen Bich Thi Than and Tam V-T Mai and Dung My Truong and Phong Thanh Nguyen and Khang Minh Le and Hai Xuan Nguyen and Tho Huu Le and Mai Thanh Thi Nguyen},
journal = {RSC advances},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1039/d6ra07552e},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42904138},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Xanthine oxidase inhibitory evaluation of prenylated flavonoids from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) shells: in vitro and in silico molecular docking studies.
AU - Phuc Tuong Ngo Hoang
AU - Truong Nhat Van Do
AU - Tuyen Bich Thi Than
AU - Tam V-T Mai
AU - Dung My Truong
AU - Phong Thanh Nguyen
AU - Khang Minh Le
AU - Hai Xuan Nguyen
AU - Tho Huu Le
AU - Mai Thanh Thi Nguyen
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/20
JO - RSC advances
DO - 10.1039/d6ra07552e
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42904138
AB - Sustainable agriculture has become a crucial priority because the improper management of agricultural waste currently contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, as well as soil and air pollution. The shells of Arachis hypogaea L., which is commonly discarded as an agricultural by-product, have been reported to contain various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, stilbenes, triterpenoids, etc. This work led to the isolation of two new prenylated flavonoids, arachisflavones A (1) and B (2), together with five prenylated flavones (3-7), two prenylated chalcones (8-9), and three prenylated flavanones (10-12) from the EtOAc extract of peanut shells. Notably, this is the first report isolating prenylated flavonoids from the Arachis genus and evaluating their xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The XO inhibitory assays revealed that 6/12 isolated compounds showed inhibitory activity, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.256 to 59.1 µM. Among them, yinyanghuo E (6) showed the strongest XO inhibitory effect with an IC₅₀ value of 0.256 ± 0.008 µM (95% CI: 0.238 to 0.275), comparable with the positive controls, allopurinol (IC₅₀ = 2.34 ± 0.08 µM) (95% CI: 2.17 to 2.52) and febuxostat (IC₅₀ = 0.018 ± 0.002 µM) (95% CI: 0.014 to 0.022). Molecular docking suggested that the active compounds exhibited favorable docking scores through interactions with key catalytic residues, including Arg880, Thr1010, Phe914, and Phe1009. Furthermore, ADMET prediction analysis revealed that arachis flavones A (1) possessed the most favorable predicted drug-likeness properties among the isolated compounds.
SN - 2046-2069
ER -