Catalase Activity and Methylglyoxal Concentration in Plasma and Erythrocytes Across Different Clinical Phenotypes of Thyroid Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, Kazakhstan.
- 2Department of Biomedicine, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100008, Kazakhstan.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Thyroid disorders may involve systemic oxidative and carbonyl disturbances, but compartment-specific changes in catalase activity and methylglyoxal concentration across different clinical phenotypes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate catalase activity and methylglyoxal concentrations in erythrocytes and plasma across predefined clinical phenotypes representing different combinations of thyroid functional, autoimmune, and structural characteristics and to examine correlations among these variables within and between the erythrocyte and plasma compartments. Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study included 164 participants: 24 controls, 31 patients with hypothyroidism without autoimmune thyroiditis, 30 with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism, 42 with euthyroid nontoxic nodular goiter, and 37 with euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis. Catalase activity and methylglyoxal concentration were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: Erythrocyte catalase activity was higher in all patient groups than in controls. Plasma catalase activity was significantly higher in hypothyroidism without autoimmune thyroiditis and nontoxic nodular goiter, but not in autoimmune thyroiditis with hypothyroidism or euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis. Erythrocyte MGO concentration was significantly lower in hypothyroidism without autoimmune thyroiditis and nontoxic nodular goiter, whereas autoimmune thyroiditis with hypothyroidism and euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis did not differ significantly from controls. Plasma MGO concentration did not differ significantly among groups. In patients, catalase activity was not correlated with MGO within either compartment, whereas erythrocyte and plasma MGO concentrations were positively correlated. Conclusions: Thyroid disorders showed nonuniform group-level patterns of catalase activity and MGO concentration across the erythrocyte and plasma compartments. The findings support separate interpretation of erythrocyte and plasma measurements but do not establish distinct phenotype-specific biomarker profiles.
Related
- Delayed menopausal transition in polycystic ovary syndrome: A call for research on age‐dependent phenotypes and different ethnic populations
- Different substitutions at the same β-myosin residue underlie divergent molecular phenotypes and distinct cardiomyopathies
- Efficacy of polymyxin B against different pathogens in carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacterial pneumonia and its relationship with alveolar epithelial lining fluid concentration: a prospective cohort study
- Analysis of myocardial work in different obesity phenotypes and its association with epicardial adipose tissue.
- Sex-specific health phenotypes in a large qatari cohort: a cross-sectional analysis with implications for population health policy
BibTeX
@article{bekov2026catalase,
title = {{Catalase Activity and Methylglyoxal Concentration in Plasma and Erythrocytes Across Different Clinical Phenotypes of Thyroid Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.}},
author = {Ernur Bekov and Olga Ponamareva and Ryszhan Bakirova and Vilen Molotov-Luchanskiy and Yelena Pozdnyakova},
journal = {Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3390/diseases14100357},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929984},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Catalase Activity and Methylglyoxal Concentration in Plasma and Erythrocytes Across Different Clinical Phenotypes of Thyroid Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.
AU - Ernur Bekov
AU - Olga Ponamareva
AU - Ryszhan Bakirova
AU - Vilen Molotov-Luchanskiy
AU - Yelena Pozdnyakova
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/26
JO - Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/diseases14100357
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42929984
AB - Background/Objectives: Thyroid disorders may involve systemic oxidative and carbonyl disturbances, but compartment-specific changes in catalase activity and methylglyoxal concentration across different clinical phenotypes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate catalase activity and methylglyoxal concentrations in erythrocytes and plasma across predefined clinical phenotypes representing different combinations of thyroid functional, autoimmune, and structural characteristics and to examine correlations among these variables within and between the erythrocyte and plasma compartments. Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study included 164 participants: 24 controls, 31 patients with hypothyroidism without autoimmune thyroiditis, 30 with autoimmune thyroiditis and hypothyroidism, 42 with euthyroid nontoxic nodular goiter, and 37 with euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis. Catalase activity and methylglyoxal concentration were measured spectrophotometrically. Results: Erythrocyte catalase activity was higher in all patient groups than in controls. Plasma catalase activity was significantly higher in hypothyroidism without autoimmune thyroiditis and nontoxic nodular goiter, but not in autoimmune thyroiditis with hypothyroidism or euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis. Erythrocyte MGO concentration was significantly lower in hypothyroidism without autoimmune thyroiditis and nontoxic nodular goiter, whereas autoimmune thyroiditis with hypothyroidism and euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis did not differ significantly from controls. Plasma MGO concentration did not differ significantly among groups. In patients, catalase activity was not correlated with MGO within either compartment, whereas erythrocyte and plasma MGO concentrations were positively correlated. Conclusions: Thyroid disorders showed nonuniform group-level patterns of catalase activity and MGO concentration across the erythrocyte and plasma compartments. The findings support separate interpretation of erythrocyte and plasma measurements but do not establish distinct phenotype-specific biomarker profiles.
SN - 2079-9721
ER -