Transport-Noise and Optical Witnesses of Electronic Multipartite Entanglement
Abstract
Entanglement among particles distinguishes correlated quantum materials from conventional metals and semiconductors. Experimentally certifying intrinsic entanglement among interacting electrons in materials is important not only for classifying states of matter, but also for developing material-based quantum technologies. Here, we introduce a transport protocol for witnessing multipartite entanglement from the equilibrium current-noise spectrum, measured directly or reconstructed from optical conductivity. The appropriately integrated, symmetrized, and projected noise spectrum obeys an upper bound derived from microscopic model parameters. Unlike witnesses based on localized spins, our framework applies to general electronic states without requiring magnetic moments and remains invariant under single-particle basis transformations. We benchmark it in twisted bilayer graphene, twisted bilayer MoTe2, and Hubbard models, and demonstrate entanglement certification in a fractional Chern insulator. This approach extends recently developed scattering-based entanglement witnesses to ultralow-temperature conditions, where many candidate entangled phases emerge.
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BibTeX
@misc{ding2026transportnoise,
title = {{Transport-Noise and Optical Witnesses of Electronic Multipartite Entanglement}},
author = {Shuhan Ding and Prakash Sharma and Zecheng Shen and Jiang-Xiazi Lin and Sergei Urazhdin and Yao Wang},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.16028},
eprint = {2608.16028},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.16028},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Transport-Noise and Optical Witnesses of Electronic Multipartite Entanglement
AU - Shuhan Ding
AU - Prakash Sharma
AU - Zecheng Shen
AU - Jiang-Xiazi Lin
AU - Sergei Urazhdin
AU - Yao Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/05
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.16028
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.16028
AB - Entanglement among particles distinguishes correlated quantum materials from conventional metals and semiconductors. Experimentally certifying intrinsic entanglement among interacting electrons in materials is important not only for classifying states of matter, but also for developing material-based quantum technologies. Here, we introduce a transport protocol for witnessing multipartite entanglement from the equilibrium current-noise spectrum, measured directly or reconstructed from optical conductivity. The appropriately integrated, symmetrized, and projected noise spectrum obeys an upper bound derived from microscopic model parameters. Unlike witnesses based on localized spins, our framework applies to general electronic states without requiring magnetic moments and remains invariant under single-particle basis transformations. We benchmark it in twisted bilayer graphene, twisted bilayer MoTe_2, and Hubbard models, and demonstrate entanglement certification in a fractional Chern insulator. This approach extends recently developed scattering-based entanglement witnesses to ultralow-temperature conditions, where many candidate entangled phases emerge.
ER -