Dynamical analysis of a three-community model for malware transmission

Abstract

Malware transmission remains a serious threat to computer networks, particularly in heterogeneous environments. We propose a three community SIP model (Susceptible-Infected-Protected) that includes both intra and intercommunity transmissions. The basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_0 $ is derived using the next-generation matrix method and serves as the threshold between extinction and persistence of malware. Analysis shows that the malware-free equilibrium is globally stable when ℛ₀ < 1, while an endemic equilibrium exists and remains stable when ℛ₀ >1. Numerical results support the theory and highlight that stronger protection and limited cross-community connections can effectively suppress malware spread.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{cheng2026dynamical,
  title = {{Dynamical analysis of a three-community model for malware transmission}},
  author = {Ziheng Cheng and Hanqing Hu and Teng Ma and Huangjie Zheng},
  journal = {Electronic Journal of Differential Equations},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  url = {http://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2026/69/abstr.html},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dynamical analysis of a three-community model for malware transmission
AU  - Ziheng Cheng
AU  - Hanqing Hu
AU  - Teng Ma
AU  - Huangjie Zheng
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
JO  - Electronic Journal of Differential Equations
UR  - http://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2026/69/abstr.html
AB  - Malware transmission remains a serious threat to computer networks, particularly in heterogeneous environments. We propose a three community SIP model (Susceptible-Infected-Protected) that includes both intra and intercommunity transmissions. The basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_0 $ is derived using the next-generation matrix method and serves as the threshold between extinction and persistence of malware. Analysis shows that the malware-free equilibrium is globally stable when ℛ_0 < 1, while an endemic equilibrium exists and remains stable when ℛ_0 >1. Numerical results support the theory and highlight that stronger protection and limited cross-community connections can effectively suppress malware spread.
SN  - 1072-6691
ER  -

Abstract

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