Energy and Micronutrient Intakes Before and After Bariatric Surgery: Nutritional Challenges During the First Postoperative Year
- 1Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland
- 2Department of General Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Zegrzyńska 8, 05-119 Legionowo, Poland
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS) markedly reduces food intake, but longitudinal data on food-derived micronutrient intake during the first postoperative year are limited. This study aimed to characterize changes in dietary energy and micronutrient intake before and after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methods: Seventy-three patients undergoing MBS (47 SG, 26 RYGB) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall before surgery and at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Energy and 12 micronutrients were analyzed using generalized estimating equations adjusted for sex, age, and baseline BMI, with Benjamini–Hochberg correction for multiple testing. Results: Intakes of energy and all micronutrients changed significantly over time (all adjusted p < 0.001) and remained below preoperative values throughout follow-up. For most nutrients, intake was lowest at 1 month and increased only partially by 12 months. No significant main effects of surgical procedure were observed, whereas measurement-by-procedure interactions were significant for energy and zinc. At 12 months, food-derived intake reached only 41–64% of the reference values for calcium, magnesium, iron, and folate. Conclusions: Food-derived energy and micronutrient intakes remained substantially reduced throughout the first postoperative year, supporting continued dietary monitoring alongside guideline-based supplementation and biochemical surveillance after bariatric surgery.
Related
- Comment on Campuzano-Donoso et al. Alcohol and Substance Use After Bariatric Surgery: Nutritional Risks and Clinical Implications in Long-Term Postoperative Care. Nutrients 2026, 18, 932
- Reply to Strømmen, M.; Skråstad, R.B. Comment on “Campuzano-Donoso et al. Alcohol and Substance Use After Bariatric Surgery: Nutritional Risks and Clinical Implications in Long-Term Postoperative Care. Nutrients 2026, 18, 932”
- The Reported Prevalence of Micronutrient Deficiency after Metabolic Bariatric Surgery and Adherence to British Obesity and Metabolic Specialist Society Nutritional Guidelines: A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study
- Tirzepatide for Weight Recurrence After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Critical Review of Direct and Indirect Evidence with Emphasis on Sleeve Gastrectomy, Nutritional Safety, and Clinical Implications
- Dual benefit of esketamine-based opioid-free anesthesia on postoperative pain and mental health outcomes in patients undergoing bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
BibTeX
@article{brzostek2026energy,
title = {{Energy and Micronutrient Intakes Before and After Bariatric Surgery: Nutritional Challenges During the First Postoperative Year}},
author = {Karolina Brzostek and Jakub Krawczyk and Anna Jeznach-Steinhagen and Dorota Szostak-Węgierek and Rafał Marszałek and Iwona Boniecka},
journal = {Nutrients},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/nu18213549},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3549},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Energy and Micronutrient Intakes Before and After Bariatric Surgery: Nutritional Challenges During the First Postoperative Year
AU - Karolina Brzostek
AU - Jakub Krawczyk
AU - Anna Jeznach-Steinhagen
AU - Dorota Szostak-Węgierek
AU - Rafał Marszałek
AU - Iwona Boniecka
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Nutrients
DO - 10.3390/nu18213549
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3549
AB - Background/Objectives: Metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS) markedly reduces food intake, but longitudinal data on food-derived micronutrient intake during the first postoperative year are limited. This study aimed to characterize changes in dietary energy and micronutrient intake before and after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methods: Seventy-three patients undergoing MBS (47 SG, 26 RYGB) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall before surgery and at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Energy and 12 micronutrients were analyzed using generalized estimating equations adjusted for sex, age, and baseline BMI, with Benjamini–Hochberg correction for multiple testing. Results: Intakes of energy and all micronutrients changed significantly over time (all adjusted p < 0.001) and remained below preoperative values throughout follow-up. For most nutrients, intake was lowest at 1 month and increased only partially by 12 months. No significant main effects of surgical procedure were observed, whereas measurement-by-procedure interactions were significant for energy and zinc. At 12 months, food-derived intake reached only 41–64% of the reference values for calcium, magnesium, iron, and folate. Conclusions: Food-derived energy and micronutrient intakes remained substantially reduced throughout the first postoperative year, supporting continued dietary monitoring alongside guideline-based supplementation and biochemical surveillance after bariatric surgery.
SN - 2072-6643
ER -