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Peer-reviewedCC BYInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]

The aminoadamantane derivative 3F2 modulates monocyte and NK cell activation and restores immune mediators altered by Monkeypox virus stimuli.

  • Thaís de Fátima da Silva Moraes1,2
  • Geovane Marques-Ferreira1,2
  • Ágata Lopes-Ribeiro1,2
  • Erik Vinicius de Sousa Reis1,2
  • Gabriela Lorrany Aparecida Azevedo1,2
  • Victor de Melo Rocha1,2
  • Marília Bueno da Silva Menegatto1,2
  • Felipe Alves Clarindo1,2
  • Caio Wilker-Teixeira1,2
  • Laura Cardoso Corrêa-Dias1,2
  • Nathália Evelyn Morais Costa3
  • Luan Ramalho Pinheiro3
4 more authors
  • Adriano de Paula Sabino4
  • Erna Geessien Kroon2
  • Ângelo de Fátima3
  • Jordana Grazziela Alves Coelho-Dos-Reis5,6
6 affiliations
  1. 1ProsPERA Group, Grupo de Prospecção e Pesquisas em Resposta Imune e Antivirais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
  2. 2Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Minas Gerais-31270-901, Brazil.
  3. 3Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
  4. 4Laboratório de Hematologia Clínica, Experimental e Molecular, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
  5. 5ProsPERA Group, Grupo de Prospecção e Pesquisas em Resposta Imune e Antivirais, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [email protected].
  6. 6Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Minas Gerais-31270-901, Brazil. [email protected].
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Abstract

The monkeypox virus (MPV) is known to employ multiple immune evasion strategies that compromise antiviral defenses and disrupt immune homeostasis. Here, we characterized the immune responses induced by stimulation with inactivated MPV and evaluated the ability of aminoadamantane (AMA) and its derivative, 3F2, to restore immune function. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells that were stimulated with MPV exhibited altered activation in a subset of monocytes, along with suppressed activation of natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells. MPV stimulation also led to significant changes in the levels of immunosoluble mediators, including reductions in chemokines and cytokines that are crucial for antiviral defense and immune regulation. Treatment with 3F2 proved to be more effective than AMA, resulting in significantly higher levels of CCL2, CXCL8, IFN-γ, IL-12(p40), IL-15, IL-5, and essential growth factors such as VEGF and NGF-β. Furthermore, 3F2 treatment partially reverses monocyte activation and re-establishes NK and NKT cell function. The current results indicate that 3F2 can control inflammation while preserving antiviral responsiveness. These findings demonstrate that inactivated MPV stimuli profoundly modulates innate immune activation and identify 3F2 as a promising immunomodulatory candidate capable of partially restoring immune responses altered by viral particle stimulation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{moraes2026aminoadamantane,
  title = {{The aminoadamantane derivative 3F2 modulates monocyte and NK cell activation and restores immune mediators altered by Monkeypox virus stimuli.}},
  author = {Thaís de Fátima da Silva Moraes and Geovane Marques-Ferreira and Ágata Lopes-Ribeiro and Erik Vinicius de Sousa Reis and Gabriela Lorrany Aparecida Azevedo and Victor de Melo Rocha and Marília Bueno da Silva Menegatto and Felipe Alves Clarindo and Caio Wilker-Teixeira and Laura Cardoso Corrêa-Dias and Nathália Evelyn Morais Costa and Luan Ramalho Pinheiro and Adriano de Paula Sabino and Erna Geessien Kroon and Ângelo de Fátima and Jordana Grazziela Alves Coelho-Dos-Reis},
  journal = {Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1007/s00011-026-02387-3},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42892637},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - The aminoadamantane derivative 3F2 modulates monocyte and NK cell activation and restores immune mediators altered by Monkeypox virus stimuli.
AU  - Thaís de Fátima da Silva Moraes
AU  - Geovane Marques-Ferreira
AU  - Ágata Lopes-Ribeiro
AU  - Erik Vinicius de Sousa Reis
AU  - Gabriela Lorrany Aparecida Azevedo
AU  - Victor de Melo Rocha
AU  - Marília Bueno da Silva Menegatto
AU  - Felipe Alves Clarindo
AU  - Caio Wilker-Teixeira
AU  - Laura Cardoso Corrêa-Dias
AU  - Nathália Evelyn Morais Costa
AU  - Luan Ramalho Pinheiro
AU  - Adriano de Paula Sabino
AU  - Erna Geessien Kroon
AU  - Ângelo de Fátima
AU  - Jordana Grazziela Alves Coelho-Dos-Reis
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/17
JO  - Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]
DO  - 10.1007/s00011-026-02387-3
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42892637
AB  - The monkeypox virus (MPV) is known to employ multiple immune evasion strategies that compromise antiviral defenses and disrupt immune homeostasis. Here, we characterized the immune responses induced by stimulation with inactivated MPV and evaluated the ability of aminoadamantane (AMA) and its derivative, 3F2, to restore immune function. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells that were stimulated with MPV exhibited altered activation in a subset of monocytes, along with suppressed activation of natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells. MPV stimulation also led to significant changes in the levels of immunosoluble mediators, including reductions in chemokines and cytokines that are crucial for antiviral defense and immune regulation. Treatment with 3F2 proved to be more effective than AMA, resulting in significantly higher levels of CCL2, CXCL8, IFN-γ, IL-12(p40), IL-15, IL-5, and essential growth factors such as VEGF and NGF-β. Furthermore, 3F2 treatment partially reverses monocyte activation and re-establishes NK and NKT cell function. The current results indicate that 3F2 can control inflammation while preserving antiviral responsiveness. These findings demonstrate that inactivated MPV stimuli profoundly modulates innate immune activation and identify 3F2 as a promising immunomodulatory candidate capable of partially restoring immune responses altered by viral particle stimulation.
SN  - 1023-3830
SN  - 1420-908X
ER  -