Improving Gravitationally Induced Entanglement in Interferometric Configurations
Abstract
Proposals to detect gravitationally induced entanglement between massive particles offer a promising pathway toward probing the quantum nature of gravity. We perform a systematic geometric optimization and comparative analysis of Stern--Gerlach (SG) and Mach--Zehnder (MZ) matter-wave interferometers for this purpose, deriving exact analytical expressions for the gravitational phase of each configuration. Our first key result is that geometric optimization is indispensable. For commonly assumed experimental parameters, neglecting the optimization of geometric ratios can suppress the accumulated phase, and hence the detectability of entanglement, by up to several orders of magnitude. Second, we provide a complete comparative analysis of two SG orientations (linear and parallel) and three MZ orientations (translation-symmetric, mirror-symmetric, and parallel-arms). The parallel-arms SG and MZ configurations tend to yield the largest phase accumulations and are nearly equivalent in performance, whereas the translation-symmetric MZ setup exhibits destructive-interference nulls that act as blind operating points where detection becomes ineffective. These observations highlight the importance of geometry-aware design. A Monte Carlo error analysis of realistic fabrication tolerances indicates that the parallel-arms configurations are generally more robust, maintaining low relative phase uncertainty over broad parameter intervals. Furthermore, an evaluation of Bell violations assesses the feasibility and signal-to-noise ratio of each configuration. Our results identify geometric optimization, particularly through parallel-arms designs, as an important consideration for near-term experiments targeting gravitationally induced entanglement.
Related
- Testing Gravitationally-Induced-Entanglement with Massive Particles and Quantum Clocks
- Optimal Interferometer Geometry for Gravitationally Induced Quantum Entanglement
- Enhancement of Gravitationally Induced Entanglement via Quantum Squeezing
- Gravitationally Induced Entanglement Across an Event Horizon
- Gravitationally Induced Entanglement of Matter in Quadratic Curvature Gravity and Constraints on Ghost Mass
BibTeX
@misc{maleki2026improving,
title = {{Improving Gravitationally Induced Entanglement in Interferometric Configurations}},
author = {Alireza Maleki},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.07153},
eprint = {2611.07153},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.07153},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Improving Gravitationally Induced Entanglement in Interferometric Configurations
AU - Alireza Maleki
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/04
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.07153
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.07153
AB - Proposals to detect gravitationally induced entanglement between massive particles offer a promising pathway toward probing the quantum nature of gravity. We perform a systematic geometric optimization and comparative analysis of Stern--Gerlach (SG) and Mach--Zehnder (MZ) matter-wave interferometers for this purpose, deriving exact analytical expressions for the gravitational phase of each configuration. Our first key result is that geometric optimization is indispensable. For commonly assumed experimental parameters, neglecting the optimization of geometric ratios can suppress the accumulated phase, and hence the detectability of entanglement, by up to several orders of magnitude. Second, we provide a complete comparative analysis of two SG orientations (linear and parallel) and three MZ orientations (translation-symmetric, mirror-symmetric, and parallel-arms). The parallel-arms SG and MZ configurations tend to yield the largest phase accumulations and are nearly equivalent in performance, whereas the translation-symmetric MZ setup exhibits destructive-interference nulls that act as blind operating points where detection becomes ineffective. These observations highlight the importance of geometry-aware design. A Monte Carlo error analysis of realistic fabrication tolerances indicates that the parallel-arms configurations are generally more robust, maintaining low relative phase uncertainty over broad parameter intervals. Furthermore, an evaluation of Bell violations assesses the feasibility and signal-to-noise ratio of each configuration. Our results identify geometric optimization, particularly through parallel-arms designs, as an important consideration for near-term experiments targeting gravitationally induced entanglement.
ER -