π-Flux Tuning of Quantum Paramagnetism in the Triangular-Lattice Hubbard Model

Abstract

We compare two time-reversal-symmetric triangular-lattice Hubbard models at half filling: the zero-flux model and a staggered π-flux model with zero and π flux through oppositely oriented triangles. Although both reduce to the same Heisenberg model at leading order in the strong-coupling limit, their distinct charge fluctuation profiles yield different quantum paramagnetic regimes. Combining a strong-coupling expansion with infinite density matrix renormalization group (iDMRG) calculations, we find that the positive ring-exchange of the zero-flux model promotes spontaneous chirality, consistent with its notion of a chiral spin liquid at intermediate coupling. In the staggered-π-flux model, whose noninteracting limit is a Dirac semimetal, the ring exchange changes sign and disfavors chiral order and we find no resolvable scalar chirality. This renders flux-tuned ring-exchange an efficient discriminator between chiral and non-chiral quantum paramagnets at finite coupling.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{liu2026πflux,
  title = {{$π$-Flux Tuning of Quantum Paramagnetism in the Triangular-Lattice Hubbard Model}},
  author = {Zhaochen Liu and Andreas Feuerpfeil and Ronny Thomale},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.30290},
  eprint = {2610.30290},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.30290},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - π-Flux Tuning of Quantum Paramagnetism in the Triangular-Lattice Hubbard Model
AU  - Zhaochen Liu
AU  - Andreas Feuerpfeil
AU  - Ronny Thomale
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/21
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.30290
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.30290
AB  - We compare two time-reversal-symmetric triangular-lattice Hubbard models at half filling: the zero-flux model and a staggered π-flux model with zero and π flux through oppositely oriented triangles. Although both reduce to the same Heisenberg model at leading order in the strong-coupling limit, their distinct charge fluctuation profiles yield different quantum paramagnetic regimes. Combining a strong-coupling expansion with infinite density matrix renormalization group (iDMRG) calculations, we find that the positive ring-exchange of the zero-flux model promotes spontaneous chirality, consistent with its notion of a chiral spin liquid at intermediate coupling. In the staggered-π-flux model, whose noninteracting limit is a Dirac semimetal, the ring exchange changes sign and disfavors chiral order and we find no resolvable scalar chirality. This renders flux-tuned ring-exchange an efficient discriminator between chiral and non-chiral quantum paramagnets at finite coupling.
ER  -

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