Natural variation of bioactive gibberellin levels in maize tissues across North America
- 1Regulatory Science, Bayer CropScience LLC., Chesterfield, Missouri, United States of America
Abstract
Gibberellins (GA) are plant hormones that regulate growth and development throughout the plant life cycle. While gibberellins have been extensively studied under controlled conditions for their fundamental role in plant adaptation and agronomic trait development, field-based data on their natural variation of bioactive GA levels across diverse agricultural genotypes and environments remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed bioactive gibberellin A1 (GA1) and gibberellin A4 (GA4) in multiple maize tissues from commercial conventional maize hybrids grown in diverse field environments using high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This study provides quantitative measurements of GA1 and GA4 levels in maize tissues collected under standard agricultural practices and describes variation influenced by genetic background and environmental conditions. Our findings demonstrate that GA1 and GA4 concentrations from conventional maize samples varied across maize tissue types, hybrid, and field sites. Analysis of variance components indicated that the site variation was statistically significant in five of ten gibberellins by maize tissue combinations, while the genetic component was significant only for GA4 in grain samples, suggesting that environment factors have a larger effect than genetic factors Positive correlations between GA1 and GA4 were observed consistently across maize tissues except root. These findings offer preliminary insights into the interplay between genetics and environment, across germplasm and environments that have been previously described.
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BibTeX
@article{guan2026natural,
title = {{Natural variation of bioactive gibberellin levels in maize tissues across North America}},
author = {Xia Guan and Nitin Supekar and Changjian Jiang and Junhong Guo and Edwards Allen and Charles Dietrich and Cody Postin and Shubha Shakya and Yanfei Wang},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0340156},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0340156},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Natural variation of bioactive gibberellin levels in maize tissues across North America
AU - Xia Guan
AU - Nitin Supekar
AU - Changjian Jiang
AU - Junhong Guo
AU - Edwards Allen
AU - Charles Dietrich
AU - Cody Postin
AU - Shubha Shakya
AU - Yanfei Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0340156
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0340156
AB - Gibberellins (GA) are plant hormones that regulate growth and development throughout the plant life cycle. While gibberellins have been extensively studied under controlled conditions for their fundamental role in plant adaptation and agronomic trait development, field-based data on their natural variation of bioactive GA levels across diverse agricultural genotypes and environments remains limited. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed bioactive gibberellin A1 (GA1) and gibberellin A4 (GA4) in multiple maize tissues from commercial conventional maize hybrids grown in diverse field environments using high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This study provides quantitative measurements of GA1 and GA4 levels in maize tissues collected under standard agricultural practices and describes variation influenced by genetic background and environmental conditions. Our findings demonstrate that GA1 and GA4 concentrations from conventional maize samples varied across maize tissue types, hybrid, and field sites. Analysis of variance components indicated that the site variation was statistically significant in five of ten gibberellins by maize tissue combinations, while the genetic component was significant only for GA4 in grain samples, suggesting that environment factors have a larger effect than genetic factors Positive correlations between GA1 and GA4 were observed consistently across maize tissues except root. These findings offer preliminary insights into the interplay between genetics and environment, across germplasm and environments that have been previously described.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -