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Peer-reviewedCC BYEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

Repeated detection of West Nile virus in Aedes caspius during an unusually early transmission season in humans in northern Italy, 2026.

  • Mario Chiari1,2
  • Francesco Defilippo2,3
  • Davide Lelli3
  • Luigi Vezzosi1,4
  • Danilo Cereda1,4
  • Gabriele Del Castillo1,4
  • Francesco Maraschi1
  • Angela Ancona1,4,5
  • Giuliano Rizzardini1
  • Anna Marelli3
  • Ambra Nucci3
  • Moira Bazzucchi3
16 more authors
  • Maria Gabriella Perrotta6
  • Marino Faccini7
  • Marinella Valenti8
  • Simone Villa1,4
  • Davide Mileto4,9
  • Alessandra Lombardi4,9
  • Alessandro Mancon4,9
  • Valeria Micheli4,9
  • Andrea Gori4,10
  • Stefania Piconi11,4
  • Greta Romano12,4
  • Guglielmo Ferrari12,4,5
  • Antonio Piralla12,4
  • Francesca Rovida12,13,4
  • Ana Moreno3
  • Fausto Baldanti12,13,4
13 affiliations
  1. 1General Directorate of Welfare, Regione Lombardia, Milan, Italy.
  2. 2These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.
  3. 3Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna (IZSLER) "Bruno Ubertini", Brescia, Italy.
  4. 4Lombardy Regional Center for Infectious Diseases (CeReMI), Milan, Italy.
  5. 5National PhD Programme in One Health approaches to infectious diseases and life science research, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
  6. 6Direzione generale della sanità animale e dei farmaci veterinari, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy.
  7. 7Department of Hygiene and Public Health Prevention, ATS Milano Città Metropolitana, Milan, Italy.
  8. 8Department of Veterinary Medicine and Food Safety of Animal Origin, ATS Milano Città Metropolitana, Milan, Italy.
  9. 9Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Biomergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
  10. 10Infectious Disease Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, L. Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
  11. 11Infectious Disease Unit ASST Lecco, Lecco, Italy.
  12. 12Microbiology and Virology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
  13. 13Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Abstract

In Lombardy, northern Italy, 2026, the first neuroinvasive West Nile virus (WNV) human case was reported on 7 July. Concurrently, high abundances of Aedes caspius and low numbers of Culex pipiens occurred at several surveillance sites. Testing seven archived Ae. caspius pools collected in July revealed WNV lineage 2 in six pools from three independent sites. A virus sequence from Ae. caspius shared > 99.94% nt identity with contemporaneous human-derived sequences. Further investigating possible Ae. caspius vector competence, particularly for WNV lineage 2, is warranted.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{chiari2026repeated,
  title = {{Repeated detection of West Nile virus in Aedes caspius during an unusually early transmission season in humans in northern Italy, 2026.}},
  author = {Mario Chiari and Francesco Defilippo and Davide Lelli and Luigi Vezzosi and Danilo Cereda and Gabriele Del Castillo and Francesco Maraschi and Angela Ancona and Giuliano Rizzardini and Anna Marelli and Ambra Nucci and Moira Bazzucchi and Maria Gabriella Perrotta and Marino Faccini and Marinella Valenti and Simone Villa and Davide Mileto and Alessandra Lombardi and Alessandro Mancon and Valeria Micheli and Andrea Gori and Stefania Piconi and Greta Romano and Guglielmo Ferrari and Antonio Piralla and Francesca Rovida and Ana Moreno and Fausto Baldanti},
  journal = {Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.2807/1560-7917.es.2026.31.42.2600862},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921679},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Repeated detection of West Nile virus in Aedes caspius during an unusually early transmission season in humans in northern Italy, 2026.
AU  - Mario Chiari
AU  - Francesco Defilippo
AU  - Davide Lelli
AU  - Luigi Vezzosi
AU  - Danilo Cereda
AU  - Gabriele Del Castillo
AU  - Francesco Maraschi
AU  - Angela Ancona
AU  - Giuliano Rizzardini
AU  - Anna Marelli
AU  - Ambra Nucci
AU  - Moira Bazzucchi
AU  - Maria Gabriella Perrotta
AU  - Marino Faccini
AU  - Marinella Valenti
AU  - Simone Villa
AU  - Davide Mileto
AU  - Alessandra Lombardi
AU  - Alessandro Mancon
AU  - Valeria Micheli
AU  - Andrea Gori
AU  - Stefania Piconi
AU  - Greta Romano
AU  - Guglielmo Ferrari
AU  - Antonio Piralla
AU  - Francesca Rovida
AU  - Ana Moreno
AU  - Fausto Baldanti
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin
DO  - 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2026.31.42.2600862
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42921679
AB  - In Lombardy, northern Italy, 2026, the first neuroinvasive West Nile virus (WNV) human case was reported on 7 July. Concurrently, high abundances of Aedes caspius and low numbers of Culex pipiens occurred at several surveillance sites. Testing seven archived Ae. caspius pools collected in July revealed WNV lineage 2 in six pools from three independent sites. A virus sequence from Ae. caspius shared > 99.94% nt identity with contemporaneous human-derived sequences. Further investigating possible Ae. caspius vector competence, particularly for WNV lineage 2, is warranted.
SN  - 1025-496X
SN  - 1560-7917
ER  -