Systemic, RPE-directed AAV-tyrosinase therapy restores ocular pigmentation in an OCA1 mouse model
- 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
Abstract
Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1) is a pigmentation disorder caused by biallelic tyrosinase (TYR) mutations. TYR inactivity results in loss of hair, skin, and eye pigment, which is detrimental for ocular function. Hypopigmentation of iris, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and choroid results in severe photosensitivity and low visual acuity. There are currently no FDA-approved pigment restoring therapies for OCA1, making therapeutic development an unmet clinical need. To address this gap, we have advanced an adeno-associated viral (AAV)-mediated Tyr replacement approach for OCA1 ocular pigment restoration. We evaluated the optimal viral delivery strategy and vector cell-type specificity for iris, RPE, and choroid pigmentation in an OCA1 mouse model, testing intraocular and systemic viral delivery methods in conjunction with viral constructs of varying RPE-specificity. Early, systemic delivery of an RPE-directed AAV-Tyr construct, AAV9.2yf-VMD2-Tyr, achieved widespread ocular pigment rescue with lower off-target expression in non-ocular tissues compared to a ubiquitous, Tyr-expressing vector. Animals treated with AAV9.2yf-VMD2-Tyr demonstrated modified photophobic behavior compared to untreated controls, indicating that ocular pigmentation may address a debilitating functional consequence of OCA1. Our findings establish a foundation for clinical translation of an AAV-TYR therapy aimed at improving light sensitivity through pigment restoration in patients with OCA1.
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BibTeX
@article{larimerpicciani2026systemic,
title = {{Systemic, RPE-directed AAV-tyrosinase therapy restores ocular pigmentation in an OCA1 mouse model}},
author = {Alessandra M. Larimer-Picciani and Lucas B. Jacob and Kacey J. Sullinger and Wyatt G. Kriebel and José-Alain Sahel and Leah C. Byrne},
journal = {Molecular therapy. Advances},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.omta.2026.201861},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13720814},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Systemic, RPE-directed AAV-tyrosinase therapy restores ocular pigmentation in an OCA1 mouse model
AU - Alessandra M. Larimer-Picciani
AU - Lucas B. Jacob
AU - Kacey J. Sullinger
AU - Wyatt G. Kriebel
AU - José-Alain Sahel
AU - Leah C. Byrne
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
JO - Molecular therapy. Advances
DO - 10.1016/j.omta.2026.201861
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13720814
AB - Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1) is a pigmentation disorder caused by biallelic tyrosinase (TYR) mutations. TYR inactivity results in loss of hair, skin, and eye pigment, which is detrimental for ocular function. Hypopigmentation of iris, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and choroid results in severe photosensitivity and low visual acuity. There are currently no FDA-approved pigment restoring therapies for OCA1, making therapeutic development an unmet clinical need. To address this gap, we have advanced an adeno-associated viral (AAV)-mediated Tyr replacement approach for OCA1 ocular pigment restoration. We evaluated the optimal viral delivery strategy and vector cell-type specificity for iris, RPE, and choroid pigmentation in an OCA1 mouse model, testing intraocular and systemic viral delivery methods in conjunction with viral constructs of varying RPE-specificity. Early, systemic delivery of an RPE-directed AAV-Tyr construct, AAV9.2yf-VMD2-Tyr, achieved widespread ocular pigment rescue with lower off-target expression in non-ocular tissues compared to a ubiquitous, Tyr-expressing vector. Animals treated with AAV9.2yf-VMD2-Tyr demonstrated modified photophobic behavior compared to untreated controls, indicating that ocular pigmentation may address a debilitating functional consequence of OCA1. Our findings establish a foundation for clinical translation of an AAV-TYR therapy aimed at improving light sensitivity through pigment restoration in patients with OCA1.
SN - 3117-387X
ER -