Fully charmed tetraquarks on the Lattice with controlled errors
Abstract
We introduce the lattice quark potential model (LQPM), which discretizes the nonrelativistic quark potential model on a periodic cubic lattice and diagonalizes the resulting many-body Hamiltonian exactly. Unlike variational approaches, which provide only upper bounds on the energy, LQPM removes this variational bias, and its remaining finite-volume uncertainty is removed by extrapolation. Formulated directly in coordinate space, the method is indifferent to the specific form of the potential and accommodates arbitrary interactions, such as including three-body forces and spin-orbit and tensor couplings, that are difficult to treat in conventional few-body approaches. As a benchmark, the charmonium and Ωccc spectra are reproduced within a few MeV of experiment. For the fully charmed tetraquark ccc̅c̅, we obtain a JP=0+ ground state at 5934.8(13) MeV, 33.2(13) MeV below the ηcηc threshold, unambiguously identified as a deeply bound tetraquark whose existence is robust against the choice of potential. Such a state can decay into two dileption pairs 2(e+e-) via J/ψe+e-, with significance similar to X(6400), or about one order of magnitude smaller. Lying below the lowest strong-decay channel, it can decay only through electromagnetic and weak interactions. Our results establish exact lattice diagonalization as a controlled, systematically improvable, and broadly applicable route to multiquark spectroscopy, providing a quantitative benchmark for the strong interaction and valuable guidance for future experimental searches for exotic hadrons.
Related
- A Colour-Casimir Adjacency Matrix Approach to Fully-Heavy Tetraquarks
- Feasibility Study of e+e-→ ηcJ/ψ Production and Fully-Charmed Tetraquark Searches at STCF
- On the nature of fully-charmed four-quark exotic state X(6900) from its photoproduction off nuclei
- High-fidelity and robust controlled-Z gates for superconducting transmon qubits. I. Intrinsic errors and decoherence
- High-fidelity and robust controlled-Z gates for superconducting transmon qubits. II. System-parameter uncertainties and overall errors
BibTeX
@misc{zhang2026fully,
title = {{Fully charmed tetraquarks on the Lattice with controlled errors}},
author = {Zhenyu Zhang and Bing-Nan Lu and Qian Wang and Qiang Zhao},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.07818},
eprint = {2610.07818},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07818},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Fully charmed tetraquarks on the Lattice with controlled errors
AU - Zhenyu Zhang
AU - Bing-Nan Lu
AU - Qian Wang
AU - Qiang Zhao
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.07818
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07818
AB - We introduce the lattice quark potential model (LQPM), which discretizes the nonrelativistic quark potential model on a periodic cubic lattice and diagonalizes the resulting many-body Hamiltonian exactly. Unlike variational approaches, which provide only upper bounds on the energy, LQPM removes this variational bias, and its remaining finite-volume uncertainty is removed by extrapolation. Formulated directly in coordinate space, the method is indifferent to the specific form of the potential and accommodates arbitrary interactions, such as including three-body forces and spin-orbit and tensor couplings, that are difficult to treat in conventional few-body approaches. As a benchmark, the charmonium and Ω_ccc spectra are reproduced within a few MeV of experiment. For the fully charmed tetraquark ccc̅c̅, we obtain a J^P=0^+ ground state at 5934.8(13) MeV, 33.2(13) MeV below the η_cη_c threshold, unambiguously identified as a deeply bound tetraquark whose existence is robust against the choice of potential. Such a state can decay into two dileption pairs 2(e^+e^-) via J/ψe^+e^-, with significance similar to X(6400), or about one order of magnitude smaller. Lying below the lowest strong-decay channel, it can decay only through electromagnetic and weak interactions. Our results establish exact lattice diagonalization as a controlled, systematically improvable, and broadly applicable route to multiquark spectroscopy, providing a quantitative benchmark for the strong interaction and valuable guidance for future experimental searches for exotic hadrons.
ER -