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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Rotational Brownian Motion and J/ψ Spin Alignment in Heavy-Ion Collisions

  • Bhagyarathi Sahoo
  • Captain R. Singh
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Abstract

The heavy-quark polarization in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions (HICs) serves as a probe for unfolding the characteristics of deconfined QCD. The present study explores the spin alignment of J/ψ in the HICs by employing the rotational Brownian motion of charm quarks in the presence of a strong magnetic field. We derive an analytical expression for the polarization of the c-c̅ pair based on the Fokker-Planck equation under the consideration of spin-vorticity coupling. These polarized c-c̅ pairs lead to the formation of the J/ψ at the hadronization surface via the coalescence and fragmentation mechanisms. Correspondingly, we obtain the m=0 diagonal element ρ00 of the J/ψ spin-density matrix, which quantifies its spin alignment along the chosen quantization axis. Our study provides a microscopic description of heavy-quark spin transport and suggests rotational diffusion as a possible mechanism underlying the observed J/ψ spin alignment.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{sahoo2026rotational,
  title = {{Rotational Brownian Motion and $\mathrmJ/ψ$ Spin Alignment in Heavy-Ion Collisions}},
  author = {Bhagyarathi Sahoo and Captain R. Singh},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.17486},
  eprint = {2609.17486},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17486},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Rotational Brownian Motion and J/ψ Spin Alignment in Heavy-Ion Collisions
AU  - Bhagyarathi Sahoo
AU  - Captain R. Singh
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/15
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.17486
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17486
AB  - The heavy-quark polarization in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions (HICs) serves as a probe for unfolding the characteristics of deconfined QCD. The present study explores the spin alignment of J/ψ in the HICs by employing the rotational Brownian motion of charm quarks in the presence of a strong magnetic field. We derive an analytical expression for the polarization of the c-c̅ pair based on the Fokker-Planck equation under the consideration of spin-vorticity coupling. These polarized c-c̅ pairs lead to the formation of the J/ψ at the hadronization surface via the coalescence and fragmentation mechanisms. Correspondingly, we obtain the m=0 diagonal element ρ_00 of the J/ψ spin-density matrix, which quantifies its spin alignment along the chosen quantization axis. Our study provides a microscopic description of heavy-quark spin transport and suggests rotational diffusion as a possible mechanism underlying the observed J/ψ spin alignment.
ER  -