Emergence of canine adenovirus infection in mink from five provinces in Northern China
- 1Key Lab of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Jilin Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College
- 2College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
Abstract
Canine adenovirus 1 (CAV-1) is the causative agent of canine infectious hepatitis and fox encephalitis. However, epidemiological information regarding CAV-1 infection in mink remains limited. From September 2022 to February 2023, a total of 540 rectal swab samples from 18 mink farms from five provinces in China were collected, and viral nucleic acids were identified, sequenced, and analyzed. The overall positive rate across mink farms was 34.00%, with that of Shandong Province being the highest (67.33%). In Shandong Province, the positive rate of mink CAV-1 in Rizhao city was 100%. According to the fiber phylogenetic tree, the fiber sequences in the cities of Qinhuangdao (042803), Rizhao (042801), and Weihai (050101) were located in the same distinct branch and were different from strains isolated from other animals. These obtained fiber sequences were under purifying selection compared with the CAV-1 fiber (AC_000003.1). Compared with the fiber sequence AP_000069.1, the mutation of the 042402-TS amino acid changed the B-cell epitope and the 3D structure. However, the binding affinity between the obtained fiber sequence and the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) was not different. These results indicate that strain 042402 exhibits notable genetic divergence in the fiber fragment compared with the strains from other host species, and the prevalence of CAV-1 has been confirmed in mink. Therefore, it is important to further clarify the evolution and molecular epidemiology of CAV-1 in mink in the future.
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BibTeX
@article{xu2026emergence,
title = {{Emergence of canine adenovirus infection in mink from five provinces in Northern China}},
author = {Jinfeng Xu and Jinyu Hou and Sheng Qin and Wenxuan Qiu and Yichang Duan and Ben Wang and Hongling Zhang and Baishuang Yin and Yanzhu Zhu},
journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2026.1909006},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1909006/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Emergence of canine adenovirus infection in mink from five provinces in Northern China
AU - Jinfeng Xu
AU - Jinyu Hou
AU - Sheng Qin
AU - Wenxuan Qiu
AU - Yichang Duan
AU - Ben Wang
AU - Hongling Zhang
AU - Baishuang Yin
AU - Yanzhu Zhu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Frontiers in Immunology
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1909006
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1909006/full
AB - Canine adenovirus 1 (CAV-1) is the causative agent of canine infectious hepatitis and fox encephalitis. However, epidemiological information regarding CAV-1 infection in mink remains limited. From September 2022 to February 2023, a total of 540 rectal swab samples from 18 mink farms from five provinces in China were collected, and viral nucleic acids were identified, sequenced, and analyzed. The overall positive rate across mink farms was 34.00%, with that of Shandong Province being the highest (67.33%). In Shandong Province, the positive rate of mink CAV-1 in Rizhao city was 100%. According to the fiber phylogenetic tree, the fiber sequences in the cities of Qinhuangdao (042803), Rizhao (042801), and Weihai (050101) were located in the same distinct branch and were different from strains isolated from other animals. These obtained fiber sequences were under purifying selection compared with the CAV-1 fiber (AC_000003.1). Compared with the fiber sequence AP_000069.1, the mutation of the 042402-TS amino acid changed the B-cell epitope and the 3D structure. However, the binding affinity between the obtained fiber sequence and the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) was not different. These results indicate that strain 042402 exhibits notable genetic divergence in the fiber fragment compared with the strains from other host species, and the prevalence of CAV-1 has been confirmed in mink. Therefore, it is important to further clarify the evolution and molecular epidemiology of CAV-1 in mink in the future.
SN - 1664-3224
ER -