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PreprintCC BY-NC-NDChemRxiv

Targeted mitigation strategies for critically polluted PM2.5 regions in India using spatially constrained airsheds

  • Neeldip Barman1,2
  • Lucas Rojas-Mendoza3,4
  • Yuzhou Wang5,6
  • Zainab Arub1,2
  • Shivam Saxena1,2
  • Piyush Bhardwaj7
  • Joshua S. Apte3,4
  • Julian D. Marshall3,8
  • Srinidhi Balasubramanian1,2,9,10
  • Chandra Venkataraman1,2,11,10
11 affiliations
  1. 1Centre for Climate Studies
  2. 2Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
  3. 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
  4. 4California
  5. 5Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
  6. 6Texas A&M University
  7. 7Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP
  8. 8University of Washington
  9. 9Environmental Science and Engineering Department
  10. 10Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
  11. 11Department of Chemical Engineering
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Abstract

Air pollution in India is a regional problem, yet the current air quality management policy is largely city-centric. Here, we developed an airshed management framework that emphasizes cooperative action for PM2.5 pollution mitigation. This framework identifies air pollution control areas (APCAs) for targeted emissions control across four critically polluted regions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain by mapping sectoral emissions from administrative units to pollution levels to meet specified air quality targets. We find that the dominant emission sectors differ across APCAs, such as agriculture, transport, and domestic to micro, small and medium-scale industry, highlighting the inadequacy of broad regional airshed management and the need for tailored air quality management plans. This framework yields differentiated policy guidance at the airshed and sub-airshed scales for the districts that constitute an APCA, leading to a spatially fine-tuned and implicitly minimal-effort mitigation plan. The developed framework is generalizable worldwide to polluted regions at any PM2.5 level.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{barman2026targeted,
  title = {{Targeted mitigation strategies for critically polluted PM2.5 regions in India using spatially constrained airsheds}},
  author = {Neeldip Barman and Lucas Rojas-Mendoza and Yuzhou Wang and Zainab Arub and Shivam Saxena and Piyush Bhardwaj and Joshua S. Apte and Julian D. Marshall and Srinidhi Balasubramanian and Chandra Venkataraman},
  howpublished = {ChemRxiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.26434/chemrxiv.15008124/v1},
  url = {https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008124/v1},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Targeted mitigation strategies for critically polluted PM2.5 regions in India using spatially constrained airsheds
AU  - Neeldip Barman
AU  - Lucas Rojas-Mendoza
AU  - Yuzhou Wang
AU  - Zainab Arub
AU  - Shivam Saxena
AU  - Piyush Bhardwaj
AU  - Joshua S. Apte
AU  - Julian D. Marshall
AU  - Srinidhi Balasubramanian
AU  - Chandra Venkataraman
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/31
PB  - ChemRxiv
DO  - 10.26434/chemrxiv.15008124/v1
UR  - https://chemrxiv.org/doi/full/10.26434/chemrxiv.15008124/v1
AB  - Air pollution in India is a regional problem, yet the current air quality management policy is largely city-centric. Here, we developed an airshed management framework that emphasizes cooperative action for PM2.5 pollution mitigation. This framework identifies air pollution control areas (APCAs) for targeted emissions control across four critically polluted regions in the Indo-Gangetic Plain by mapping sectoral emissions from administrative units to pollution levels to meet specified air quality targets. We find that the dominant emission sectors differ across APCAs, such as agriculture, transport, and domestic to micro, small and medium-scale industry, highlighting the inadequacy of broad regional airshed management and the need for tailored air quality management plans. This framework yields differentiated policy guidance at the airshed and sub-airshed scales for the districts that constitute an APCA, leading to a spatially fine-tuned and implicitly minimal-effort mitigation plan. The developed framework is generalizable worldwide to polluted regions at any PM2.5 level.
ER  -