Entanglement Cost of Optimal Distributed Quantum State Purification
Abstract
We determine the preshared entanglement required for spatially separated parties, restricted to local operations and classical communication, to attain globally optimal probabilistic two-copy purification of arbitrary bipartite pure states under depolarizing noise. In every local dimension d≥ 2, one shared maximally entangled qubit pair suffices: local controlled-SWAP operations exactly reproduce the globally optimal successful transformation. Conversely, any finite-dimensional preshared resource state that attains the same benchmark, even under a positive-partial-transpose relaxation, must have entanglement of formation at least one ebit. For pure resources with one ebit, or for two-qubit resources including mixed states, attaining the benchmark is possible only for states with exactly two nonzero Schmidt weights, both equal to 1/2, namely those locally unitarily equivalent to a maximally entangled qubit pair. These findings provide a benchmark for evaluating the entanglement demands of noise management in quantum networks and modular quantum computers.
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BibTeX
@misc{zhao2026entanglement,
title = {{Entanglement Cost of Optimal Distributed Quantum State Purification}},
author = {Jiayi Zhao and Chengkai Zhu and Xin Wang and Ge Bai},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.23441},
eprint = {2609.23441},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.23441},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Entanglement Cost of Optimal Distributed Quantum State Purification
AU - Jiayi Zhao
AU - Chengkai Zhu
AU - Xin Wang
AU - Ge Bai
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/20
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.23441
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.23441
AB - We determine the preshared entanglement required for spatially separated parties, restricted to local operations and classical communication, to attain globally optimal probabilistic two-copy purification of arbitrary bipartite pure states under depolarizing noise. In every local dimension d≥ 2, one shared maximally entangled qubit pair suffices: local controlled-SWAP operations exactly reproduce the globally optimal successful transformation. Conversely, any finite-dimensional preshared resource state that attains the same benchmark, even under a positive-partial-transpose relaxation, must have entanglement of formation at least one ebit. For pure resources with one ebit, or for two-qubit resources including mixed states, attaining the benchmark is possible only for states with exactly two nonzero Schmidt weights, both equal to 1/2, namely those locally unitarily equivalent to a maximally entangled qubit pair. These findings provide a benchmark for evaluating the entanglement demands of noise management in quantum networks and modular quantum computers.
ER -