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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-NDFood chemistry: X

Comparative proximate composition, mineral profiles and dietary exposure assessment of Pakistani and Saudi Arabian date cultivars

  • Jameel Ahmed Baig1
  • Zubair Ali Shah2
  • Aysen Hol3
  • Imam Bakhsh Solangi4
  • Saima Perveen2
  • Nadeem Raza1
  • Faisal K. Algethami1
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
  2. 2National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
  3. 3Department of Chemistry, Pamukkale University, Kumkısık, Denizli, Türkiye
  4. 4Dr. M.A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
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Abstract

This study comparatively evaluated the proximate composition, mineral profiles, and dietary exposure of six Saudi Arabian and fourteen Pakistani date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars. Samples were freeze-dried and acid-digested, followed by atomic absorption spectrometry for mineral analysis and conventional proximate analysis. Moisture content varied among cultivars, with Asul Kurh, Pathri, and Oatakin exceeding 14%. Fat and protein contents were broadly similar, whereas fiber varied considerably. Pakistani cultivars showed higher descriptive Zn concentrations, reaching 13.9 μg g−1; however, the difference between countries was not significant (p = 0.124), precluding a geographical advantage. Ca, Mg, and Fe also varied among cultivars. Multivariate analysis revealed compositional associations across geographical groups; Basra clustered with the Saudi cultivars Kalmi, Safawi, and Sukkari, while other cultivars formed distinct subgroups. The findings demonstrate substantial cultivar-level variability without a consistent geographical pattern. Dietary risk estimates were based on measured nutrient and mineral concentrations using EDI and THQ.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{baig2026comparative,
  title = {{Comparative proximate composition, mineral profiles and dietary exposure assessment of Pakistani and Saudi Arabian date cultivars}},
  author = {Jameel Ahmed Baig and Zubair Ali Shah and Aysen Hol and Imam Bakhsh Solangi and Saima Perveen and Nadeem Raza and Faisal K. Algethami},
  journal = {Food chemistry: X},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.fochx.2026.104672},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13722056},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparative proximate composition, mineral profiles and dietary exposure assessment of Pakistani and Saudi Arabian date cultivars
AU  - Jameel Ahmed Baig
AU  - Zubair Ali Shah
AU  - Aysen Hol
AU  - Imam Bakhsh Solangi
AU  - Saima Perveen
AU  - Nadeem Raza
AU  - Faisal K. Algethami
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/24
JO  - Food chemistry: X
DO  - 10.1016/j.fochx.2026.104672
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13722056
AB  - This study comparatively evaluated the proximate composition, mineral profiles, and dietary exposure of six Saudi Arabian and fourteen Pakistani date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars. Samples were freeze-dried and acid-digested, followed by atomic absorption spectrometry for mineral analysis and conventional proximate analysis. Moisture content varied among cultivars, with Asul Kurh, Pathri, and Oatakin exceeding 14%. Fat and protein contents were broadly similar, whereas fiber varied considerably. Pakistani cultivars showed higher descriptive Zn concentrations, reaching 13.9 μg g−1; however, the difference between countries was not significant (p = 0.124), precluding a geographical advantage. Ca, Mg, and Fe also varied among cultivars. Multivariate analysis revealed compositional associations across geographical groups; Basra clustered with the Saudi cultivars Kalmi, Safawi, and Sukkari, while other cultivars formed distinct subgroups. The findings demonstrate substantial cultivar-level variability without a consistent geographical pattern. Dietary risk estimates were based on measured nutrient and mineral concentrations using EDI and THQ.
SN  - 2590-1575
ER  -