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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC 4.0Journal of Pain Research

Opioid Use Disorder Among U.S. Hospitalizations for Dorsalgia: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis, 2016–2021

  • Karan Patel1
  • Kyle T Enriquez2
  • Tigran Kesayan1,3,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
  2. 2Vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
  3. 3Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
  4. 4Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Abstract

Karan Patel,1 Kyle T Enriquez,2 Tigran Kesayan1,3,41Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; 2Vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; 4Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USACorrespondence: Karan Patel, Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA, Tel +1 732-887-9851, Email [email protected]: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an important comorbidity in chronic pain. Understanding its association with inpatient outcomes may identify opportunities to improve management and resource utilization.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the National Inpatient Sample on hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of dorsalgia. Hospitalizations were further categorized based on the presence of OUD. Survey-weighted logistic regression incorporating the complex survey design identified demographic and hospital characteristics associated with OUD. Survey-weighted logistic and linear regression evaluated routine discharge and length of stay, respectively. Rates of discharge against medical advice between hospitalizations with and without OUD was added on as a secondary exploratory analysis.Results: Among 233,740 dorsalgia hospitalizations, 8,540 (3.7%) had OUD. Compared with age < 40 years, ages 40– 59 (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.59– 0.79), 60– 79 (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.22– 0.32), and ≥ 80 years (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.06– 0.11) had lower OUD odds (all P< 0.001). Medicaid was associated with higher odds (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.11– 1.51; P=0.001), while private insurance (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.33– 0.47), female sex (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74– 0.91), Black (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.50– 0.69) and Hispanic race (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.41– 0.61) were all associated with lower odds (all p< 0.001). OUD was associated with lower routine discharge odds (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.55– 0.70), longer stays (β=0.68 days, 95% CI 0.48– 0.88), and higher rates of discharge against medical advice (8.5% vs 2.1%; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Dorsalgia hospitalizations with OUD were associated with younger age, longer stays, and decreased odds of routine discharge. These findings identify a vulnerable inpatient population and may help to inform evaluation of individualized pain treatment, earlier discharge coordination, and more efficient resource utilization.Keywords: dorsalgia, opioid use disorder, national inpatient sample, age, insurance, chronic pain

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{patel2026opioid,
  title = {{Opioid Use Disorder Among U.S. Hospitalizations for Dorsalgia: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis, 2016&ndash;2021}},
  author = {Karan Patel and Kyle T Enriquez and Tigran Kesayan},
  journal = {Journal of Pain Research},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.2147/jpr.s652574},
  url = {https://www.dovepress.com/opioid-use-disorder-among-us-hospitalizations-for-dorsalgia-a-national-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JPR},
  note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Opioid Use Disorder Among U.S. Hospitalizations for Dorsalgia: A National Inpatient Sample Analysis, 2016&ndash;2021
AU  - Karan Patel
AU  - Kyle T Enriquez
AU  - Tigran Kesayan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Journal of Pain Research
DO  - 10.2147/jpr.s652574
UR  - https://www.dovepress.com/opioid-use-disorder-among-us-hospitalizations-for-dorsalgia-a-national-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JPR
AB  - Karan Patel,1 Kyle T Enriquez,2 Tigran Kesayan1,3,41Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; 2Vanderbilt Medical Scientist Training Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; 3Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; 4Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USACorrespondence: Karan Patel, Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville, TN, USA, Tel +1 732-887-9851, Email [email protected]: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an important comorbidity in chronic pain. Understanding its association with inpatient outcomes may identify opportunities to improve management and resource utilization.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of the National Inpatient Sample on hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of dorsalgia. Hospitalizations were further categorized based on the presence of OUD. Survey-weighted logistic regression incorporating the complex survey design identified demographic and hospital characteristics associated with OUD. Survey-weighted logistic and linear regression evaluated routine discharge and length of stay, respectively. Rates of discharge against medical advice between hospitalizations with and without OUD was added on as a secondary exploratory analysis.Results: Among 233,740 dorsalgia hospitalizations, 8,540 (3.7%) had OUD. Compared with age < 40 years, ages 40– 59 (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.59– 0.79), 60– 79 (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.22– 0.32), and ≥ 80 years (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.06– 0.11) had lower OUD odds (all P< 0.001). Medicaid was associated with higher odds (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.11– 1.51; P=0.001), while private insurance (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.33– 0.47), female sex (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74– 0.91), Black (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.50– 0.69) and Hispanic race (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.41– 0.61) were all associated with lower odds (all p< 0.001). OUD was associated with lower routine discharge odds (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.55– 0.70), longer stays (β=0.68 days, 95% CI 0.48– 0.88), and higher rates of discharge against medical advice (8.5% vs 2.1%; p< 0.001).Conclusion: Dorsalgia hospitalizations with OUD were associated with younger age, longer stays, and decreased odds of routine discharge. These findings identify a vulnerable inpatient population and may help to inform evaluation of individualized pain treatment, earlier discharge coordination, and more efficient resource utilization.Keywords: dorsalgia, opioid use disorder, national inpatient sample, age, insurance, chronic pain
SN  - 1178-7090
ER  -