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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0PLOS One

Identification by MALDI-TOF MS of Coleopteran insect pests collected in the field

  • Dikra Hamadouche1
  • Fabien Fohrer2
  • Adama Zan Diarra3
  • Jean-Michel Bérenger4
  • Philippe Parola5
  • Lionel Almeras
5 affiliations
  1. 1Aix Marseille Univ, SSA, RITMES, Marseille, France
  2. 2IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
  3. 3Centre Interdisciplinaire de Conservation et de Restauration du Patrimoine, Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, France
  4. 4IRD, MINES, Maladies Infectieuses, Négligées et Emergentes au Sud, Marseille, France
  5. 5Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France
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Abstract

Background: In the context of museum and cultural heritage protection, rapid and accurate identification of Coleopteran pests is crucial for museum and cultural heritage protection. This study evaluated the effectiveness of MALDI-TOF MS in identifying Coleopteran species collected in the field. Materials and methods: Seven species of Coleoptera collected between 2014 and 2023 from 17 French cultural sites. MALDI-TOF MS spectra were compared against two reference databases: one composed of laboratory-reared specimens and a second expanded with spectra from field-collected specimens. In parallel, three specimens per species and storing mode were submitted to molecular identification using COI and 16S markers. Results: A total of 273 specimens (205 field-collected and 68 laboratory-reared) were analysed. Correct identification at the species were obtained for MS spectra query against DB1 for species which possess homolog in the database. However, the spectra reaching threshold for relevant identification were coming from essentially laboratory-reared Coleoptera. An upgrading of the reference MS database (i.e., BD2), improved identification performance for field specimens, although limitations remained for species with MS spectra of low peak diversity like Pentarthrum huttoni. Molecular identification of field-collected specimens showed a sequencing success rate below 10%. Conclusion: MALDI-TOF MS is a promising tool for the identification of Coleopteran pests in cultural heritage contexts, especially when reference spectra matched both species and preservation mode.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{hamadouche2026identification,
  title = {{Identification by MALDI-TOF MS of Coleopteran insect pests collected in the field}},
  author = {Dikra Hamadouche and Fabien Fohrer and Adama Zan Diarra and Jean-Michel Bérenger and Philippe Parola and Lionel Almeras},
  journal = {PLOS One},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0330809},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330809},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Identification by MALDI-TOF MS of Coleopteran insect pests collected in the field
AU  - Dikra Hamadouche
AU  - Fabien Fohrer
AU  - Adama Zan Diarra
AU  - Jean-Michel Bérenger
AU  - Philippe Parola
AU  - Lionel Almeras
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - PLOS One
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0330809
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330809
AB  - Background: In the context of museum and cultural heritage protection, rapid and accurate identification of Coleopteran pests is crucial for museum and cultural heritage protection. This study evaluated the effectiveness of MALDI-TOF MS in identifying Coleopteran species collected in the field. Materials and methods: Seven species of Coleoptera collected between 2014 and 2023 from 17 French cultural sites. MALDI-TOF MS spectra were compared against two reference databases: one composed of laboratory-reared specimens and a second expanded with spectra from field-collected specimens. In parallel, three specimens per species and storing mode were submitted to molecular identification using COI and 16S markers. Results: A total of 273 specimens (205 field-collected and 68 laboratory-reared) were analysed. Correct identification at the species were obtained for MS spectra query against DB1 for species which possess homolog in the database. However, the spectra reaching threshold for relevant identification were coming from essentially laboratory-reared Coleoptera. An upgrading of the reference MS database (i.e., BD2), improved identification performance for field specimens, although limitations remained for species with MS spectra of low peak diversity like Pentarthrum huttoni. Molecular identification of field-collected specimens showed a sequencing success rate below 10%. Conclusion: MALDI-TOF MS is a promising tool for the identification of Coleopteran pests in cultural heritage contexts, especially when reference spectra matched both species and preservation mode.
SN  - 1932-6203
ER  -