Truncated hybrid tensor networks for distributed quantum simulation
Abstract
Simulation of quantum many-body systems is a principal application of quantum computing, but available devices remain limited by the number of qubits and cannot accommodate systems of the desired size. One approach is to host a large evolution across several modest distributed systems that exchange classical information alone. Current protocols such as circuit knitting incur a quasi-probability sampling cost that grows exponentially with the number of remote gates across the cut, even when physical correlations across the cut are actually bounded. In this work, we present a truncated hybrid tensor network (THTN) framework in which a remote two-body gate is applied as a sum of local unitaries on the subsystems, linked by a classical connecting tensor, and an interface truncation retains Schmidt modes across the cut. Remote gates between the same subsystems can be merged on one connector, so non-one-dimensional models, such as layered partitions with strong intra-layer and weaker interlayer couplings, may be cast onto a one-dimensional cut. The retained non-negative Schmidt coefficients also define a sampling rule for local observables. We validate this distributed protocol by classical simulation against time-evolving block decimation (TEBD) at the same bond dimension. The truncated dynamics track the TEBD references on chains and ladders, with the clearest gain on a layered model.
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BibTeX
@misc{liu2026truncated,
title = {{Truncated hybrid tensor networks for distributed quantum simulation}},
author = {Yong Liu and Guangyao Huang and Weixu Shi and Yizhi Wang and Jiandong Ouyang and Zeqian Chen and Junjie Wu},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.16520},
eprint = {2609.16520},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16520},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Truncated hybrid tensor networks for distributed quantum simulation
AU - Yong Liu
AU - Guangyao Huang
AU - Weixu Shi
AU - Yizhi Wang
AU - Jiandong Ouyang
AU - Zeqian Chen
AU - Junjie Wu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/15
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.16520
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16520
AB - Simulation of quantum many-body systems is a principal application of quantum computing, but available devices remain limited by the number of qubits and cannot accommodate systems of the desired size. One approach is to host a large evolution across several modest distributed systems that exchange classical information alone. Current protocols such as circuit knitting incur a quasi-probability sampling cost that grows exponentially with the number of remote gates across the cut, even when physical correlations across the cut are actually bounded. In this work, we present a truncated hybrid tensor network (THTN) framework in which a remote two-body gate is applied as a sum of local unitaries on the subsystems, linked by a classical connecting tensor, and an interface truncation retains Schmidt modes across the cut. Remote gates between the same subsystems can be merged on one connector, so non-one-dimensional models, such as layered partitions with strong intra-layer and weaker interlayer couplings, may be cast onto a one-dimensional cut. The retained non-negative Schmidt coefficients also define a sampling rule for local observables. We validate this distributed protocol by classical simulation against time-evolving block decimation (TEBD) at the same bond dimension. The truncated dynamics track the TEBD references on chains and ladders, with the clearest gain on a layered model.
ER -