Effects of Intensive Insulin Therapy Within One Week on Glycemic Control and β-Cell Function in Patients with T2DM
- 1Department of General Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510530, China
- 2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Key Laboratory of Diabetology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
- 3Department of Endocrinology, The People’s Hospital of Baoan Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Baoan Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen Baoan Clinical Medical School of Guangdong Medical University, The 8th People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518000, China
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) within 1 week on glycemic control and β-cell function indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This retrospective study included 726 patients with T2DM who underwent continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion within 1 week. Patients were divided into three groups based on disease duration: short (≤1 year), medium (>1 and <10 years), and long (≥10 years) duration groups. The primary outcome was the changes in glycemic control and β-cell function indices after IIT. Factors influencing the improvement in β-cell function metrics were also analyzed. Results: After IIT within 1 week, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) levels significantly decreased (p < 0.01 for both). HOMA-β, 30 min insulinogenic index, 30 min disposition index, and insulin secretion sensitivity index-2 markedly improved from baseline [37.69 (41.03) VS. 32.40 (46.06), 3.16 (3.97) VS. 2.12 (3.51), 336.85 (397.05) VS. 188.93 (263.45), and 185.92 (122.89) VS. 120.81 (90.12), respectively] (p < 0.01 for all). Insulin sensitivity, measured by HOMA-IR and Matsuda index, significantly improved (p < 0.01 for both). Significantly greater improvements in glycemic control and β-cell function measures were observed in patients with a shorter diabetes duration. Age, duration of diabetes, BMI, HbA1c, duration of IIT, and time in range were significantly associated with improvements in β-cell function indices. Conclusions: IIT within 1 week was associated with improved glycemic control and β-cell function indices in T2DM patients, with the most pronounced benefits observed in those with a shorter disease duration.
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BibTeX
@article{jiang2026effects,
title = {{Effects of Intensive Insulin Therapy Within One Week on Glycemic Control and β-Cell Function in Patients with T2DM}},
author = {Wei Jiang and Xubin Yang and Beisi Lin and Zhigu Liu and Xuanrong Chen and Shuo Lin and Daizhi Yang and Yintong Huang and Ruofan Wang and Wen Xu and Longyi Zeng},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/jcm15218297},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8297},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Effects of Intensive Insulin Therapy Within One Week on Glycemic Control and β-Cell Function in Patients with T2DM
AU - Wei Jiang
AU - Xubin Yang
AU - Beisi Lin
AU - Zhigu Liu
AU - Xuanrong Chen
AU - Shuo Lin
AU - Daizhi Yang
AU - Yintong Huang
AU - Ruofan Wang
AU - Wen Xu
AU - Longyi Zeng
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/25
JO - Journal of Clinical Medicine
DO - 10.3390/jcm15218297
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/15/21/8297
AB - Objective: To evaluate the impact of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) within 1 week on glycemic control and β-cell function indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This retrospective study included 726 patients with T2DM who underwent continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion within 1 week. Patients were divided into three groups based on disease duration: short (≤1 year), medium (>1 and <10 years), and long (≥10 years) duration groups. The primary outcome was the changes in glycemic control and β-cell function indices after IIT. Factors influencing the improvement in β-cell function metrics were also analyzed. Results: After IIT within 1 week, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) levels significantly decreased (p < 0.01 for both). HOMA-β, 30 min insulinogenic index, 30 min disposition index, and insulin secretion sensitivity index-2 markedly improved from baseline [37.69 (41.03) VS. 32.40 (46.06), 3.16 (3.97) VS. 2.12 (3.51), 336.85 (397.05) VS. 188.93 (263.45), and 185.92 (122.89) VS. 120.81 (90.12), respectively] (p < 0.01 for all). Insulin sensitivity, measured by HOMA-IR and Matsuda index, significantly improved (p < 0.01 for both). Significantly greater improvements in glycemic control and β-cell function measures were observed in patients with a shorter diabetes duration. Age, duration of diabetes, BMI, HbA1c, duration of IIT, and time in range were significantly associated with improvements in β-cell function indices. Conclusions: IIT within 1 week was associated with improved glycemic control and β-cell function indices in T2DM patients, with the most pronounced benefits observed in those with a shorter disease duration.
SN - 2077-0383
ER -