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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Journal of High Energy Physics

Wilson loops with oppositely oriented plaquettes as a probe of center vortex structure

  • Ji-Chong Yang1
  • Xiang-Ning Li1
  • Zhan Zhao1
  1. 1Liaoning Normal University
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Abstract

We study Wilson loops with a nontrivial orientation structure in lattice gauge theory as a probe of the center vortex picture. The observable is a single Wilson loop containing two plaquettes with opposite orientations, realized in two geometries referred to as the vertical and parallel configurations. The vertical case behaves consistently with expectations from the vortex picture. In contrast, the parallel configuration shows a deviation from the naive area-law expectation which cannot be explained solely by the opposite orientations of the plaquettes. We introduce a simple qualitative model of local vortex-piercing correlations which accounts for this behavior, showing that the observed effect can be understood within the vortex framework.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{yang2026wilson,
  title = {{Wilson loops with oppositely oriented plaquettes as a probe of center vortex structure}},
  author = {Ji-Chong Yang and Xiang-Ning Li and Zhan Zhao},
  journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1007/jhep10(2026)261},
  url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)261},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Wilson loops with oppositely oriented plaquettes as a probe of center vortex structure
AU  - Ji-Chong Yang
AU  - Xiang-Ning Li
AU  - Zhan Zhao
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - Journal of High Energy Physics
DO  - 10.1007/jhep10(2026)261
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)261
AB  - We study Wilson loops with a nontrivial orientation structure in lattice gauge theory as a probe of the center vortex picture. The observable is a single Wilson loop containing two plaquettes with opposite orientations, realized in two geometries referred to as the vertical and parallel configurations. The vertical case behaves consistently with expectations from the vortex picture. In contrast, the parallel configuration shows a deviation from the naive area-law expectation which cannot be explained solely by the opposite orientations of the plaquettes. We introduce a simple qualitative model of local vortex-piercing correlations which accounts for this behavior, showing that the observed effect can be understood within the vortex framework.
SN  - 1029-8479
ER  -