Prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its association to overweight and obesity in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
4 affiliations
- 1Family Medicine Consultant, Al Jouf Comprehensive Specialized Clinics for the Security Forces, Security Forces Hospitals Program, General Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- 2Molecular Bio-technologist, Al Jouf Comprehensive Specialized Clinics for the Security Forces, Security Forces Hospitals Program, General Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- 3Family Medicine Resident, Security Forces Hospital Makkah, Security Forces Hospitals Program, General Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- 4Laboratory Specialist, Al Jouf Comprehensive Specialized Clinics for the Security Forces, Security Forces Hospitals Program, General Directorate of Medical Services, Ministry of Interior, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Abstract
Context:: The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is progressively increasing. Its subsequent complications, such as microalbuminuria, an early stage of diabetic nephropathy, are rapidly rising as one of the major T2DM complications.
Aims:: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in T2DM patients in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, and its association with overweight and obesity.
Settings and Design:: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study conducted at the primary healthcare services of Al-Jouf Comprehensive Specialized Clinics for the Security Forces.
Methods and Material:: A total of 128 T2DM patients aged 35 years and older were enrolled. Data on demographics, medical history, anthropometric measurements, and microalbuminuria status (assessed by urine dipstick) were extracted from electronic medical records.
Statistical Analysis Used:: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results:: Microalbuminuria was present in 35.9% of patients, with the majority having an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30 mg/g. Most participants were older (>51 years: 83%) with multiple comorbidities (88.3%). The most prevalent comorbidities were dyslipidemia (67.2%) and hypertension (61.7%). HbA1c was significantly higher in patients with microalbuminuria ≥80 mg/g (P = 0.046). No significant association was found between microalbuminuria and BMI.
Conclusions:: A high prevalence of microalbuminuria was observed among T2DM patients in Aljouf. Regular screening and early intervention are imperative to slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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BibTeX
@article{alqadheb2026prevalence,
title = {{Prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its association to overweight and obesity in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia}},
author = {Ahmad Alqadheb and Daifallah Alruwaily and Abdulrahman Shalwala and Sumayyah Albedaiwi},
journal = {Journal of family medicine and primary care},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_397_26},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13722253},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Prevalence of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and its association to overweight and obesity in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
AU - Ahmad Alqadheb
AU - Daifallah Alruwaily
AU - Abdulrahman Shalwala
AU - Sumayyah Albedaiwi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
JO - Journal of family medicine and primary care
DO - 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_397_26
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13722253
AB - Context:: The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is progressively increasing. Its subsequent complications, such as microalbuminuria, an early stage of diabetic nephropathy, are rapidly rising as one of the major T2DM complications. Aims:: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in T2DM patients in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia, and its association with overweight and obesity. Settings and Design:: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study conducted at the primary healthcare services of Al-Jouf Comprehensive Specialized Clinics for the Security Forces. Methods and Material:: A total of 128 T2DM patients aged 35 years and older were enrolled. Data on demographics, medical history, anthropometric measurements, and microalbuminuria status (assessed by urine dipstick) were extracted from electronic medical records. Statistical Analysis Used:: Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results:: Microalbuminuria was present in 35.9% of patients, with the majority having an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 30 mg/g. Most participants were older (>51 years: 83%) with multiple comorbidities (88.3%). The most prevalent comorbidities were dyslipidemia (67.2%) and hypertension (61.7%). HbA1c was significantly higher in patients with microalbuminuria ≥80 mg/g (P = 0.046). No significant association was found between microalbuminuria and BMI. Conclusions:: A high prevalence of microalbuminuria was observed among T2DM patients in Aljouf. Regular screening and early intervention are imperative to slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
SN - 2249-4863
SN - 2278-7135
ER -