Confirmatory Validation of the Singing Incongruence and Gender (SInG) Scale in an Independent Sample of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Singers
Abstract
Background: Singing-related gender incongruence can be a significant source of distress for transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals, yet general measures of gender dysphoria and speaking-voice instruments do not capture this domain. The Singing Incongruence and Gender (SInG) Scale was developed to address this gap, but its four-factor structure had not been confirmed in independent data. Methods: Participants were an entirely new sample of 232 TGD individuals (141 nonbinary, 48 transgender men, 43 transgender women), with 883 cisgender respondents retained as a comparison group for known-groups validity and measurement invariance. Confirmatory factor analysis used robust weighted least squares on a polychoric correlation matrix. I also examined reliability, construct validity, a 12-item short form, and how the scale should be scored. Results: The four-factor structure was confirmed, with all standardized loadings between .618 and .925 and better fit than a unidimensional alternative (comparative fit index .841 versus .618). Approximate fit fell below conventional thresholds, reflecting both a low ratio of cases to the 126 estimated parameters and some redundancy of item wording; a 12-item form fit better (.930), retained reliability and validity, and performed similarly in split-half cross-validation regardless of which near-equivalent items were retained. SInG scores predicted singing-voice discrepancy beyond age, identity subgroup, and general gender dysphoria (ΔR² = .192), and TGD respondents scored higher than cisgender respondents (d = 0.59; Misgendering d = 1.12). Conclusions: The SInG Scale captures singing-related gender incongruence beyond what a general dysphoria measure explains, and is available in a brief 12-item form suited to clinical intake and choir screening. Because the subscales bear different relations to criterion outcomes, they should be reported alongside the total score.
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BibTeX
@misc{barrett2026confirmatory,
title = {{Confirmatory Validation of the Singing Incongruence and Gender (SInG) Scale in an Independent Sample of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Singers}},
author = {Logan Barrett},
howpublished = {PsyArXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.31234/osf.io/n2rt7_v1},
url = {https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/n2rt7_v1/},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Confirmatory Validation of the Singing Incongruence and Gender (SInG) Scale in an Independent Sample of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Singers
AU - Logan Barrett
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
PB - PsyArXiv
DO - 10.31234/osf.io/n2rt7_v1
UR - https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/n2rt7_v1/
AB - Background: Singing-related gender incongruence can be a significant source of distress for transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals, yet general measures of gender dysphoria and speaking-voice instruments do not capture this domain. The Singing Incongruence and Gender (SInG) Scale was developed to address this gap, but its four-factor structure had not been confirmed in independent data. Methods: Participants were an entirely new sample of 232 TGD individuals (141 nonbinary, 48 transgender men, 43 transgender women), with 883 cisgender respondents retained as a comparison group for known-groups validity and measurement invariance. Confirmatory factor analysis used robust weighted least squares on a polychoric correlation matrix. I also examined reliability, construct validity, a 12-item short form, and how the scale should be scored. Results: The four-factor structure was confirmed, with all standardized loadings between .618 and .925 and better fit than a unidimensional alternative (comparative fit index .841 versus .618). Approximate fit fell below conventional thresholds, reflecting both a low ratio of cases to the 126 estimated parameters and some redundancy of item wording; a 12-item form fit better (.930), retained reliability and validity, and performed similarly in split-half cross-validation regardless of which near-equivalent items were retained. SInG scores predicted singing-voice discrepancy beyond age, identity subgroup, and general gender dysphoria (ΔR² = .192), and TGD respondents scored higher than cisgender respondents (d = 0.59; Misgendering d = 1.12). Conclusions: The SInG Scale captures singing-related gender incongruence beyond what a general dysphoria measure explains, and is available in a brief 12-item form suited to clinical intake and choir screening. Because the subscales bear different relations to criterion outcomes, they should be reported alongside the total score.
ER -