Fault-tolerant quantum error correction for constant-excitation stabilizer codes under coherent noise
Abstract
Collective coherent (CC) noise poses challenges for fault-tolerant error correction (FTEC), as it is not captured by conventional stochastic noise models. Constant-excitation (CE) codes are inherently immune to CC errors, but a fault-tolerant framework for operating these codes under circuit-level noise has not yet been established. Here, we develop an FTEC framework for CE CSS codes based on dual-rail concatenation. We show that conventional transversal CNOT gates violate the CE constraint and develop CE-preserving logical CNOT gates together with modified Shor- and Steane-type syndrome extraction schemes using zero-controlled NOT gates and CE-compatible ancilla states. We further develop an extended stabilizer simulation algorithm that tracks both stochastic and CC noise. Using this framework, we identify small distance-3 CE CSS codes demonstrate that the [[14, 1, 3]] code maintains robust performance under coherent noise. Our results establish a fault-tolerant framework for CE codes under circuit-level noise and demonstrate their potential for quantum processors affected by CC noise.
Related
- Local decoders for fault-tolerant quantum computation and translation-invariant stabilizer codes
- Scalable Tomography of Coherent Noise via Stabilizer-Code Polarization
- Hierarchy of Rényi Coherent Information in Stabilizer Codes
- The use of coherent states in the excitation and ionization of atoms by a short symmetric pulse
- Purely-logarithmic-time- and constant-space-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation
BibTeX
@article{lai2026faulttolerant,
title = {{Fault-tolerant quantum error correction for constant-excitation stabilizer codes under coherent noise}},
author = {Ching-Yi Lai and Pei-Hao Liou and Yingkai Ouyang},
journal = {npj Quantum Information},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.1038/s41534-026-01401-0},
url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-026-01401-0},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Fault-tolerant quantum error correction for constant-excitation stabilizer codes under coherent noise
AU - Ching-Yi Lai
AU - Pei-Hao Liou
AU - Yingkai Ouyang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/02
JO - npj Quantum Information
DO - 10.1038/s41534-026-01401-0
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41534-026-01401-0
AB - Collective coherent (CC) noise poses challenges for fault-tolerant error correction (FTEC), as it is not captured by conventional stochastic noise models. Constant-excitation (CE) codes are inherently immune to CC errors, but a fault-tolerant framework for operating these codes under circuit-level noise has not yet been established. Here, we develop an FTEC framework for CE CSS codes based on dual-rail concatenation. We show that conventional transversal CNOT gates violate the CE constraint and develop CE-preserving logical CNOT gates together with modified Shor- and Steane-type syndrome extraction schemes using zero-controlled NOT gates and CE-compatible ancilla states. We further develop an extended stabilizer simulation algorithm that tracks both stochastic and CC noise. Using this framework, we identify small distance-3 CE CSS codes demonstrate that the [[14, 1, 3]] code maintains robust performance under coherent noise. Our results establish a fault-tolerant framework for CE codes under circuit-level noise and demonstrate their potential for quantum processors affected by CC noise.
SN - 2056-6387
ER -