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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Nutrients

Metabolic, Gastric, and Psychosocial Correlates of Carbohydrate-Containing Clear-Fluid Intake in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study

  • Gamze Atas1
  • Hakan Gokalp Tas2
  • Talha Karatas3
  • Ilker Atas4
  • Tulay Ceren Olmezturk Karakurt2
  • Taha Emre Otugen1
  • Ufuk Kuyrukluyildiz2
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Mengucek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Erzincan 24000, Turkey
  2. 2Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
  3. 3Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kovancılar State Hospital, Elazığ 23850, Turkey
  4. 4Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Shortened clear-fluid fasting is increasingly supported in pediatric anesthesia, yet its combined effects on child-centered perioperative outcomes, family satisfaction, metabolic response, and gastric ultrasonography findings remain unclear. This study evaluated the associations of two routine preoperative fasting practices with preoperative anxiety, perioperative blood glucose, hemodynamic parameters, family satisfaction, and gastric ultrasonography findings in children undergoing elective surgery. Methods: This prospective, two-arm, observational cohort study included 66 children aged 3–12 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–II scheduled for elective adenotonsillectomy under general anesthesia, following either standard overnight fasting or 5 mL/kg carbohydrate-containing clear apple juice approximately 2 h before surgery. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale; blood glucose, hemodynamic parameters, gastric antral cross-sectional area, estimated gastric residual volume, Perlas classification, family satisfaction, fasting duration, and nausea and vomiting were also evaluated. Results: Preoperative anxiety scores were significantly lower in the clear-fluid group than in the overnight fasting group (39.95 ± 20.02 vs. 51.88 ± 22.05; p = 0.003). No significant differences were observed between groups in blood glucose, gastric antral cross-sectional area, estimated gastric residual volume, or Perlas scores. Family satisfaction was significantly higher in the clear-fluid group (8.76 ± 1.66 vs. 4.12 ± 2.00; p < 0.001), and fasting duration was markedly shorter. No perioperative pulmonary aspiration occurred. Conclusions: Administration of 5 mL/kg of carbohydrate-containing clear fluid approximately 2 h before surgery was associated with lower preoperative anxiety and higher family satisfaction, with no significant between-group difference in gastric residual volume.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{atas2026metabolic,
  title = {{Metabolic, Gastric, and Psychosocial Correlates of Carbohydrate-Containing Clear-Fluid Intake in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study}},
  author = {Gamze Atas and Hakan Gokalp Tas and Talha Karatas and Ilker Atas and Tulay Ceren Olmezturk Karakurt and Taha Emre Otugen and Ufuk Kuyrukluyildiz},
  journal = {Nutrients},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/nu18213684},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3684},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Metabolic, Gastric, and Psychosocial Correlates of Carbohydrate-Containing Clear-Fluid Intake in Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study
AU  - Gamze Atas
AU  - Hakan Gokalp Tas
AU  - Talha Karatas
AU  - Ilker Atas
AU  - Tulay Ceren Olmezturk Karakurt
AU  - Taha Emre Otugen
AU  - Ufuk Kuyrukluyildiz
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/06
JO  - Nutrients
DO  - 10.3390/nu18213684
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/18/21/3684
AB  - Background/Objectives: Shortened clear-fluid fasting is increasingly supported in pediatric anesthesia, yet its combined effects on child-centered perioperative outcomes, family satisfaction, metabolic response, and gastric ultrasonography findings remain unclear. This study evaluated the associations of two routine preoperative fasting practices with preoperative anxiety, perioperative blood glucose, hemodynamic parameters, family satisfaction, and gastric ultrasonography findings in children undergoing elective surgery. Methods: This prospective, two-arm, observational cohort study included 66 children aged 3–12 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I–II scheduled for elective adenotonsillectomy under general anesthesia, following either standard overnight fasting or 5 mL/kg carbohydrate-containing clear apple juice approximately 2 h before surgery. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale; blood glucose, hemodynamic parameters, gastric antral cross-sectional area, estimated gastric residual volume, Perlas classification, family satisfaction, fasting duration, and nausea and vomiting were also evaluated. Results: Preoperative anxiety scores were significantly lower in the clear-fluid group than in the overnight fasting group (39.95 ± 20.02 vs. 51.88 ± 22.05; p = 0.003). No significant differences were observed between groups in blood glucose, gastric antral cross-sectional area, estimated gastric residual volume, or Perlas scores. Family satisfaction was significantly higher in the clear-fluid group (8.76 ± 1.66 vs. 4.12 ± 2.00; p < 0.001), and fasting duration was markedly shorter. No perioperative pulmonary aspiration occurred. Conclusions: Administration of 5 mL/kg of carbohydrate-containing clear fluid approximately 2 h before surgery was associated with lower preoperative anxiety and higher family satisfaction, with no significant between-group difference in gastric residual volume.
SN  - 2072-6643
ER  -