Probing the Metallicity Dependence of Fast Radio Burst Progenitors with CHIME/FRB Outrigger Dwarf Host…

Abstract

Using the fast radio bursts (FRBs) localized with the CHIME/FRB Outriggers between February and October 2025, we conduct a systematic search for dwarf host galaxies. We identify and characterize eight host galaxies for one repeating and seven apparently non-repeating FRBs, newly classifying five hosts as dwarfs with stellar masses of log(M_∗/M_⊙) ≈ 8.1−9.1. We measure their gas-phase metallicities and, when combined with hosts from the literature, finding that repeating and non-repeating FRBs have statistically distinct metallicity distributions. Non-repeating FRBs inhabit relatively metal-rich environments (12 + log( O/H) ≳ 8.35) across the full observed mass range, while repeating FRBs have significant preference for dwarf galaxies with 12 + log( O/H) ≲ 8.35. Almost all repeaters associated with persistent radio sources (PRSs) are in dwarfs with 12 + log( O/H) ≲ 8.15, suggesting a connection between repeaters in metal-poor dwarf environments and PRS formation. We also calculate the host dispersion measure (DM_host), Faraday rotation measure (RM_host), and scattering timescale (τ_{host,1 GHz}) for 54, 37, and 24 FRBs, respectively, including both our sample and FRBs in the literature. We find no significant (>3σ) correlation between host metallicity and DM_host, RM_host, or τ_{host,1 GHz}. The distinct host metallicities of apparently non-repeating and repeating FRBs may reflect metallicity-dependent massive-star evolution, with repeating FRBs and PRSs requiring more extreme magnetar birth spins than the predominantly non-repeating FRB population.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{dong2026probing,
  title = {{Probing the Metallicity Dependence of Fast Radio Burst Progenitors with CHIME/FRB Outrigger Dwarf Host Galaxies}},
  author = {Y Dong and W Fong and K Nimmo and N Loudas and B.C Andersen and S Andrew and A Cai and S Chatterjee and A.M Cook and A.P Curtin and T Eftekhari and B.M Gaensler and J Hessels and V.M Kaspi and A Khan and C Leung and L Mas-Ribas and K Masui and A Moroianu and A.B Pearlman and J.X Prochaska and M.W Sammons and P Scholz and K Shin and S Simha and M Woodland and Z Zhuang},
  howpublished = {HAL},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.28629},
  eprint = {2609.28629},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05830218v1},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Probing the Metallicity Dependence of Fast Radio Burst Progenitors with CHIME/FRB Outrigger Dwarf Host Galaxies
AU  - Y Dong
AU  - W Fong
AU  - K Nimmo
AU  - N Loudas
AU  - B.C Andersen
AU  - S Andrew
AU  - A Cai
AU  - S Chatterjee
AU  - A.M Cook
AU  - A.P Curtin
AU  - T Eftekhari
AU  - B.M Gaensler
AU  - J Hessels
AU  - V.M Kaspi
AU  - A Khan
AU  - C Leung
AU  - L Mas-Ribas
AU  - K Masui
AU  - A Moroianu
AU  - A.B Pearlman
AU  - J.X Prochaska
AU  - M.W Sammons
AU  - P Scholz
AU  - K Shin
AU  - S Simha
AU  - M Woodland
AU  - Z Zhuang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/23
PB  - HAL
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.28629
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05830218v1
AB  - Using the fast radio bursts (FRBs) localized with the CHIME/FRB Outriggers between February and October 2025, we conduct a systematic search for dwarf host galaxies. We identify and characterize eight host galaxies for one repeating and seven apparently non-repeating FRBs, newly classifying five hosts as dwarfs with stellar masses of log(M_∗/M_⊙) ≈ 8.1−9.1. We measure their gas-phase metallicities and, when combined with hosts from the literature, finding that repeating and non-repeating FRBs have statistically distinct metallicity distributions. Non-repeating FRBs inhabit relatively metal-rich environments (12 + log( O/H) ≳ 8.35) across the full observed mass range, while repeating FRBs have significant preference for dwarf galaxies with 12 + log( O/H) ≲ 8.35. Almost all repeaters associated with persistent radio sources (PRSs) are in dwarfs with 12 + log( O/H) ≲ 8.15, suggesting a connection between repeaters in metal-poor dwarf environments and PRS formation. We also calculate the host dispersion measure (DM_host), Faraday rotation measure (RM_host), and scattering timescale (τ_host,1 GHz) for 54, 37, and 24 FRBs, respectively, including both our sample and FRBs in the literature. We find no significant (>3σ) correlation between host metallicity and DM_host, RM_host, or τ_host,1 GHz. The distinct host metallicities of apparently non-repeating and repeating FRBs may reflect metallicity-dependent massive-star evolution, with repeating FRBs and PRSs requiring more extreme magnetar birth spins than the predominantly non-repeating FRB population.
ER  -

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