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Peer-reviewedCC BYFrontiers in Sustainable Food Systems

Socioeconomic and institutional factors associated with pesticide safety knowledge among vegetable farmers in Central Uttar Pradesh, India

  • Prashish Singh1
  • Kalyan Ghadei2
  • Shubhadeep Roy2
  • Jaydeep Halder3
  • Dibyendu Deb4
  • Basavaprabhu Jirli5
  • Seema Naberia1
  • Sonam Agarwal1
  • Gyan Shukla2
  • Jagriti Kumari2
  • Harshit Paliwal6
  • Monikarani Pradhan7
1 more authors
  • Pise Onkar Namdeo2
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Extension Education, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
  2. 2Department of Extension Education, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
  3. 3ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
  4. 4ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Gogamukh, Assam, India
  5. 5Centre for Multi-Disciplinary Development Research (CMDR), Dharwad, Karnataka, India
  6. 6Polytechnic in Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
  7. 7Department of Extension Education, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Abstract

IntroductionUnsafe pesticide handling in vegetable production poses risks to applicators, consumers and ecosystems. This study assessed pesticide safety knowledge and its socioeconomic and institutional correlates among vegetable growers in Central Uttar Pradesh, India.MethodsA cross-sectional ex-post facto survey was conducted in 2025 among 320 growers from eight villages in Kannauj and Farrukhabad districts, using structured interviews supplemented by field documentation. Knowledge was assessed using a 38-item test. Nine predictors were examined using multiple linear regression; an observed-variable path representation summarized the same adjusted relationships.ResultsMean age was 41.58 years; 78.13% were literate and 55.94% operated holdings below 1 ha. Low, medium and high farming experience comprised 43 (13.44%), 230 (71.88%) and 47 (14.69%) growers, respectively. Medium knowledge predominated (65.31%), followed by low (17.50%) and high (17.19%). Regression explained 35.6% of knowledge-score variance (adjusted R2 = 0.337; F (9, 310) = 19.023, p < 0.001). Education (B = 0.282, p = 0.006), experience (B = 0.080, p = 0.012) and information-source score (B = 0.300, p < 0.001) had positive adjusted associations. Training was not significant (p = 0.731); 85.31% reported none. The saturated path representation had zero degrees of freedom, precluding meaningful global-fit interpretation.DiscussionThe findings support evaluating access to credible safety information and training quality and reach. Cross-sectional associations do not establish causation, and interpretation remains subject to predictor-coding and diagnostic limitations.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{singh2026socioeconomic,
  title = {{Socioeconomic and institutional factors associated with pesticide safety knowledge among vegetable farmers in Central Uttar Pradesh, India}},
  author = {Prashish Singh and Kalyan Ghadei and Shubhadeep Roy and Jaydeep Halder and Dibyendu Deb and Basavaprabhu Jirli and Seema Naberia and Sonam Agarwal and Gyan Shukla and Jagriti Kumari and Harshit Paliwal and Monikarani Pradhan and Pise Onkar Namdeo},
  journal = {Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3389/fsufs.2026.1989803},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1989803},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Socioeconomic and institutional factors associated with pesticide safety knowledge among vegetable farmers in Central Uttar Pradesh, India
AU  - Prashish Singh
AU  - Kalyan Ghadei
AU  - Shubhadeep Roy
AU  - Jaydeep Halder
AU  - Dibyendu Deb
AU  - Basavaprabhu Jirli
AU  - Seema Naberia
AU  - Sonam Agarwal
AU  - Gyan Shukla
AU  - Jagriti Kumari
AU  - Harshit Paliwal
AU  - Monikarani Pradhan
AU  - Pise Onkar Namdeo
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/04
JO  - Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
DO  - 10.3389/fsufs.2026.1989803
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2026.1989803
AB  - IntroductionUnsafe pesticide handling in vegetable production poses risks to applicators, consumers and ecosystems. This study assessed pesticide safety knowledge and its socioeconomic and institutional correlates among vegetable growers in Central Uttar Pradesh, India.MethodsA cross-sectional ex-post facto survey was conducted in 2025 among 320 growers from eight villages in Kannauj and Farrukhabad districts, using structured interviews supplemented by field documentation. Knowledge was assessed using a 38-item test. Nine predictors were examined using multiple linear regression; an observed-variable path representation summarized the same adjusted relationships.ResultsMean age was 41.58 years; 78.13% were literate and 55.94% operated holdings below 1 ha. Low, medium and high farming experience comprised 43 (13.44%), 230 (71.88%) and 47 (14.69%) growers, respectively. Medium knowledge predominated (65.31%), followed by low (17.50%) and high (17.19%). Regression explained 35.6% of knowledge-score variance (adjusted R2 = 0.337; F (9, 310) = 19.023, p < 0.001). Education (B = 0.282, p = 0.006), experience (B = 0.080, p = 0.012) and information-source score (B = 0.300, p < 0.001) had positive adjusted associations. Training was not significant (p = 0.731); 85.31% reported none. The saturated path representation had zero degrees of freedom, precluding meaningful global-fit interpretation.DiscussionThe findings support evaluating access to credible safety information and training quality and reach. Cross-sectional associations do not establish causation, and interpretation remains subject to predictor-coding and diagnostic limitations.
SN  - 2571-581X
ER  -