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Peer-reviewedCC BYScientific Reports

Ecology driven patterns of herpesvirus spread in cervids in Poland

  • Wojciech Socha1
  • Artur Jabłoński2
  • Michał K. Krzysiak3
  • Piotr Kubiś1
  • George Russell4
  • Magdalena Larska1
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Virology and Viral Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute
  2. 2Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW
  3. 3Department of Parasitology and Invasive Diseases, University of Life Sciences in Lublin
  4. 4Moredun Research Institute
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Abstract

Cervids are considered as a potential hosts for various human and animal pathogens but studies on herpesvirus infections among these species remain limited. We have used a panherpesvirus PCR to investigate herpesvirus diversity and prevalence and a BoHV-4-specific ELISA to assess exposure to BoHV-4. Among 1257 cervids tested for the herpesvirus DNA, 389 (30.9%) were positive. The prevalence was highest among fallow deer (63.9%), followed by red deer (29.8%) and roe deer (19.4%); among captive animals (42.1%) and in forest districts with low (31.2%) or medium (32.9%) forest coverage. No positive cases were found in moose. BoHV-4 specific antibodies were found in 107 out of 1179 (9.1%) tested cervids. Seroprevalence was highest among roe deer (18.7%) and in regions with the highest forest coverage (13.9%). Two gammaherpesvirus species: Fallow deer lymphotropic herpesvirus, Elk gammaherpesvirus 1; and one betaherpesvirus – Capreolus herpesvirus 1 were for the first time identified in Polish deer. Although, none of these viruses is currently considered pathogenic for cervids, the study revealed distinct ecological patterns of herpesvirus circulation among cervid species. These findings expand current knowledge of herpesvirus diversity in Polish cervids and demonstrate the value of herpesvirus surveillance for understanding pathogen transmission and wildlife–livestock interactions.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{socha2026ecology,
  title = {{Ecology driven patterns of herpesvirus spread in cervids in Poland}},
  author = {Wojciech Socha and Artur Jabłoński and Michał K. Krzysiak and Piotr Kubiś and George Russell and Magdalena Larska},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-61633-0},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-61633-0},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Ecology driven patterns of herpesvirus spread in cervids in Poland
AU  - Wojciech Socha
AU  - Artur Jabłoński
AU  - Michał K. Krzysiak
AU  - Piotr Kubiś
AU  - George Russell
AU  - Magdalena Larska
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Scientific Reports
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-026-61633-0
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-61633-0
AB  - Cervids are considered as a potential hosts for various human and animal pathogens but studies on herpesvirus infections among these species remain limited. We have used a panherpesvirus PCR to investigate herpesvirus diversity and prevalence and a BoHV-4-specific ELISA to assess exposure to BoHV-4. Among 1257 cervids tested for the herpesvirus DNA, 389 (30.9%) were positive. The prevalence was highest among fallow deer (63.9%), followed by red deer (29.8%) and roe deer (19.4%); among captive animals (42.1%) and in forest districts with low (31.2%) or medium (32.9%) forest coverage. No positive cases were found in moose. BoHV-4 specific antibodies were found in 107 out of 1179 (9.1%) tested cervids. Seroprevalence was highest among roe deer (18.7%) and in regions with the highest forest coverage (13.9%). Two gammaherpesvirus species: Fallow deer lymphotropic herpesvirus, Elk gammaherpesvirus 1; and one betaherpesvirus – Capreolus herpesvirus 1 were for the first time identified in Polish deer. Although, none of these viruses is currently considered pathogenic for cervids, the study revealed distinct ecological patterns of herpesvirus circulation among cervid species. These findings expand current knowledge of herpesvirus diversity in Polish cervids and demonstrate the value of herpesvirus surveillance for understanding pathogen transmission and wildlife–livestock interactions.
SN  - 2045-2322
ER  -