Pulling Illusion in Individuals with Neurological Disorders
Abstract
The pulling illusion induced by asymmetric vibration stimuli has attracted attention for its potential applications in rehabilitation and sensory assessment. However, the underlying mechanism of the pulling illusion remains unclear. This study addressed the central question of whether peripheral vibrotactile sensitivity alone is sufficient for the illusion to emerge or whether processing beyond basic vibration detection is also required. Neurological disorders can involve impairments at different levels of the nervous system, providing an opportunity to examine this question. Accordingly, we evaluated directional discrimination performance for the pulling illusion and fingertip vibration detection thresholds in 25 participants with diverse neurological disorders affecting different levels of the nervous system, from peripheral to central. Clustering analysis identified contrasting profiles, with high directional discrimination performance despite elevated vibration detection thresholds and chance-level performance despite relatively low-to-intermediate thresholds. In the generalized linear mixed model, motor-related signs, including hemiplegia and tremor, showed a robust negative association with directional discrimination performance, whereas vibration detection threshold was not robustly associated with performance. Furthermore, in participants with hemiplegia, directional discrimination performance was around chance level on the affected side and close to 100% on the unaffected side, despite stimulus amplitudes well above the measured vibration detection thresholds on both sides. Collectively, these findings suggest that the pulling illusion depends on perceptual processing beyond basic vibration detection, through which asymmetric vibration is experienced as directional pulling.
Related
- Simultaneous multi-task assessment of five neurological language disorders via cross-corpus multimodal learning
- Roles of endogenous retrovirus- and other LTR retrotransposon-derived proteins and peptides in neurological disorders, oncogenesis, and host defense
- When the Cytoskeleton Fails: Primary Structural Defects Underlying Disorders with Neurological Involvement
- Glymphatic system impairment in neurological disorders: potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets
- Cutaneous features of SDR9C7 variants in eight individuals with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic epidermal differentiation disorders
BibTeX
@misc{tanabe2026pulling,
title = {{Pulling Illusion in Individuals with Neurological Disorders}},
author = {Takeshi Tanabe and Satoshi Yamamoto and Toru Yamada and Daisuke Ishii and Yutaka Kohno},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.10566},
eprint = {2609.10566},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10566},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Pulling Illusion in Individuals with Neurological Disorders
AU - Takeshi Tanabe
AU - Satoshi Yamamoto
AU - Toru Yamada
AU - Daisuke Ishii
AU - Yutaka Kohno
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.10566
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10566
AB - The pulling illusion induced by asymmetric vibration stimuli has attracted attention for its potential applications in rehabilitation and sensory assessment. However, the underlying mechanism of the pulling illusion remains unclear. This study addressed the central question of whether peripheral vibrotactile sensitivity alone is sufficient for the illusion to emerge or whether processing beyond basic vibration detection is also required. Neurological disorders can involve impairments at different levels of the nervous system, providing an opportunity to examine this question. Accordingly, we evaluated directional discrimination performance for the pulling illusion and fingertip vibration detection thresholds in 25 participants with diverse neurological disorders affecting different levels of the nervous system, from peripheral to central. Clustering analysis identified contrasting profiles, with high directional discrimination performance despite elevated vibration detection thresholds and chance-level performance despite relatively low-to-intermediate thresholds. In the generalized linear mixed model, motor-related signs, including hemiplegia and tremor, showed a robust negative association with directional discrimination performance, whereas vibration detection threshold was not robustly associated with performance. Furthermore, in participants with hemiplegia, directional discrimination performance was around chance level on the affected side and close to 100% on the unaffected side, despite stimulus amplitudes well above the measured vibration detection thresholds on both sides. Collectively, these findings suggest that the pulling illusion depends on perceptual processing beyond basic vibration detection, through which asymmetric vibration is experienced as directional pulling.
ER -