Peer-reviewedCC BYNature communications
Distinct inflammatory marker profiles of adolescents and young adults among the HIV risk, infection, and treatment spectrum.
11 affiliations
- 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- 2A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
- 3Department of Microbial Sciences in Health, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- 4Department of Medicine, Statistics Core, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- 5Department of Psychiatry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
- 6Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- 7Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- 8Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- 9A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore. [email protected].
- 10Department of Microbial Sciences in Health, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. [email protected].
- 11Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. [email protected].
Abstract
Youth living with or at HIV-risk exhibit distinct immune perturbations during HIV exposure, infection, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Understanding immune perturbations is critical for development of tailored prevention and enhanced therapeutic strategies. We performed plasma proteomic profiling of 49 biomarkers using Luminex multiplex assay in 262 participants (mean age of 21.9 years), including healthy controls, high-risk youth without HIV (HRY), newly diagnosed youth living with HIV (NY), and previously diagnosed youth on ART for over 24 months (PY), and report distinct immune landscapes. Among HRY, we observe dysregulation of circulating interferon-driven inflammation. NY display overt systemic inflammation at diagnosis, which partially resolves but does not fully normalize within 24 months of ART. PY display largely normalized immune profiles, though circulating signatures consistent with residual checkpoint activation persist. Our results identify conserved and stage-specific, circulating inflammatory modulators and key transcriptional regulators delineating HIV susceptibility, progression, and long-term treatment responses.
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BibTeX
@article{dong2026distinct,
title = {{Distinct inflammatory marker profiles of adolescents and young adults among the HIV risk, infection, and treatment spectrum.}},
author = {Huan Vinh Dong and Gielenny M Salem and Tara Kerin and Kwan Hou Tang and Ruth Cortado and Myung Shin-Sim and Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold and Dallas Swendeman and Nicole H Tobin and Anne W Rimoin and Grace M Aldrovandi and Otto O Yang and Yvonne J Bryson and Suan-Sin Foo and Karin Nielsen-Saines},
journal = {Nature communications},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1038/s41467-026-78034-6},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42957704},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Distinct inflammatory marker profiles of adolescents and young adults among the HIV risk, infection, and treatment spectrum.
AU - Huan Vinh Dong
AU - Gielenny M Salem
AU - Tara Kerin
AU - Kwan Hou Tang
AU - Ruth Cortado
AU - Myung Shin-Sim
AU - Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold
AU - Dallas Swendeman
AU - Nicole H Tobin
AU - Anne W Rimoin
AU - Grace M Aldrovandi
AU - Otto O Yang
AU - Yvonne J Bryson
AU - Suan-Sin Foo
AU - Karin Nielsen-Saines
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/25
JO - Nature communications
DO - 10.1038/s41467-026-78034-6
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42957704
AB - Youth living with or at HIV-risk exhibit distinct immune perturbations during HIV exposure, infection, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Understanding immune perturbations is critical for development of tailored prevention and enhanced therapeutic strategies. We performed plasma proteomic profiling of 49 biomarkers using Luminex multiplex assay in 262 participants (mean age of 21.9 years), including healthy controls, high-risk youth without HIV (HRY), newly diagnosed youth living with HIV (NY), and previously diagnosed youth on ART for over 24 months (PY), and report distinct immune landscapes. Among HRY, we observe dysregulation of circulating interferon-driven inflammation. NY display overt systemic inflammation at diagnosis, which partially resolves but does not fully normalize within 24 months of ART. PY display largely normalized immune profiles, though circulating signatures consistent with residual checkpoint activation persist. Our results identify conserved and stage-specific, circulating inflammatory modulators and key transcriptional regulators delineating HIV susceptibility, progression, and long-term treatment responses.
SN - 2041-1723
ER -