Characterization of Clinical and Histopathological Profiles of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders With Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: Focus on Subepithelial Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltrate and Its Grading
7 affiliations
- 1Riphah International University
- 2The University of Buckingham
- 3Khyber College of Dentistry
- 4Jouf University
- 5Abbotabad International Medical Institute
- 6Rashid Latif Dental College
- 7Saveetha University
Abstract
Objectives This study was conducted to describe the clinical and histopathological features of OPMDs characterized by OED with a special focus on the subepithelial LPI and its grades. Material and Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted on hematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides of 82 diagnosed cases of OPMDs with OED. Histologic review was performed based on the WHO and binary grading system for OED. Subepithelial LPI and its grades were also noted and reported. χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare different categorical variables related to OPMDs. Results The mean age of OPMD cases with OED was 58.51 ± 12.38, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 2.28:1. OED lesions were mostly (N = 41; 50%) seen on the buccal mucosa, retromolar area, and vestibule of the oral cavity. Oral leukoplakia was the most (N = 52; 63.4%) commonly diagnosed clinical variant of OPMDs. Drop‐shaped rete ridges (N = 78; 95.12%) and hyperchromasia (N = 76; 92.68%) were the most commonly occurring architectural and cellular alterations of OED, respectively. The overall interobserver agreement for various histopathologic variables ranged from moderate to perfect. Histologically, moderate dysplasia was the most frequently occurring grade (N = 37; 45.12%). Most (N = 45; 54.9%) of the OPMDs were marked as high‐risk dysplasia. Subepithelial LPI was significantly (p < 0.01) related to the histologic grades of OED lesions. The grades of LPI were significantly (p = 0.018) related to the binary grading system only. Conclusion The subgrades of LPI were significantly associated with the binary grading system of OED, suggesting that subepithelial LPI may reflect underlying microenvironmental changes related to dysplasia severity.
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BibTeX
@article{khan2026characterization,
title = {{Characterization of Clinical and Histopathological Profiles of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders With Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: Focus on Subepithelial Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltrate and Its Grading}},
author = {Abbas Saleem Khan and Shahzad Ahmad and Hina Shabir and Shazia Iqbal and Tehmina Naushin and Muhammad Nadeem Baig and Aneela Bashir and Maria Hanif and Mohammed Saad Alqarni and Rakhi Issrani},
journal = {Clinical and experimental dental research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1002/cre2.70482},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13654314},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Characterization of Clinical and Histopathological Profiles of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders With Oral Epithelial Dysplasia: Focus on Subepithelial Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltrate and Its Grading
AU - Abbas Saleem Khan
AU - Shahzad Ahmad
AU - Hina Shabir
AU - Shazia Iqbal
AU - Tehmina Naushin
AU - Muhammad Nadeem Baig
AU - Aneela Bashir
AU - Maria Hanif
AU - Mohammed Saad Alqarni
AU - Rakhi Issrani
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Clinical and experimental dental research
DO - 10.1002/cre2.70482
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13654314
AB - Objectives This study was conducted to describe the clinical and histopathological features of OPMDs characterized by OED with a special focus on the subepithelial LPI and its grades. Material and Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted on hematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides of 82 diagnosed cases of OPMDs with OED. Histologic review was performed based on the WHO and binary grading system for OED. Subepithelial LPI and its grades were also noted and reported. χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare different categorical variables related to OPMDs. Results The mean age of OPMD cases with OED was 58.51 ± 12.38, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 2.28:1. OED lesions were mostly (N = 41; 50%) seen on the buccal mucosa, retromolar area, and vestibule of the oral cavity. Oral leukoplakia was the most (N = 52; 63.4%) commonly diagnosed clinical variant of OPMDs. Drop‐shaped rete ridges (N = 78; 95.12%) and hyperchromasia (N = 76; 92.68%) were the most commonly occurring architectural and cellular alterations of OED, respectively. The overall interobserver agreement for various histopathologic variables ranged from moderate to perfect. Histologically, moderate dysplasia was the most frequently occurring grade (N = 37; 45.12%). Most (N = 45; 54.9%) of the OPMDs were marked as high‐risk dysplasia. Subepithelial LPI was significantly (p < 0.01) related to the histologic grades of OED lesions. The grades of LPI were significantly (p = 0.018) related to the binary grading system only. Conclusion The subgrades of LPI were significantly associated with the binary grading system of OED, suggesting that subepithelial LPI may reflect underlying microenvironmental changes related to dysplasia severity.
SN - 2057-4347
ER -