Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1-derived exopolysaccharide suppresses murine norovirus replication by modulating innate immune response
- 1Food Microbiology and Function Research Laboratories, R&D Division, Meiji Co., Ltd., Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
- 2Laboratory of Viral Infection Control, Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Abstract
Norovirus is a major cause of foodborne acute gastroenteritis, yet effective strategies to prevent norovirus infection have not been established. Given that an exopolysaccharide (EPS) can be orally consumed as a dietary component, we evaluated its potential to suppress norovirus replication in vitro. Here, we tested the antiviral effect of EPS derived from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 (R-1 EPS) against murine norovirus (MNV) in vitro using the mouse macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7. Post-infection treatment significantly reduced the viral load of MNV in culture supernatants. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis showed that R-1 EPS treatment modulated MNV-induced host transcriptional responses, promoting preferential engagement of interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral and inflammatory pathways. Consistent with the microarray-based transcriptome analysis, expression analysis using ELISA and RT-qPCR indicated increased expression of IFN, IFN-stimulated genes, and proinflammatory cytokines in infected cells treated with R-1 EPS. The results suggest that R-1 EPS modulated host innate immune responses, such as type I IFN and proinflammatory cytokine responses, during MNV infection, which may contribute to antiviral activity. Our results provide mechanistic insights into the host-directed antiviral effect of microbial EPS.
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BibTeX
@article{tang2026lactobacillus,
title = {{Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1-derived exopolysaccharide suppresses murine norovirus replication by modulating innate immune response}},
author = {Shuyi Tang and Shoko Ishii and Reiko Takai-Todaka and Miho Ogawa and Reiko Watanabe and Hiroshi Kano and Toshihiro Sashihara and Kenichi Hojo and Kazuhiko Katayama and Kei Haga},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0356886},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356886},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1-derived exopolysaccharide suppresses murine norovirus replication by modulating innate immune response
AU - Shuyi Tang
AU - Shoko Ishii
AU - Reiko Takai-Todaka
AU - Miho Ogawa
AU - Reiko Watanabe
AU - Hiroshi Kano
AU - Toshihiro Sashihara
AU - Kenichi Hojo
AU - Kazuhiko Katayama
AU - Kei Haga
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/02
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0356886
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356886
AB - Norovirus is a major cause of foodborne acute gastroenteritis, yet effective strategies to prevent norovirus infection have not been established. Given that an exopolysaccharide (EPS) can be orally consumed as a dietary component, we evaluated its potential to suppress norovirus replication in vitro. Here, we tested the antiviral effect of EPS derived from Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 (R-1 EPS) against murine norovirus (MNV) in vitro using the mouse macrophage-like cell line, RAW264.7. Post-infection treatment significantly reduced the viral load of MNV in culture supernatants. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis showed that R-1 EPS treatment modulated MNV-induced host transcriptional responses, promoting preferential engagement of interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral and inflammatory pathways. Consistent with the microarray-based transcriptome analysis, expression analysis using ELISA and RT-qPCR indicated increased expression of IFN, IFN-stimulated genes, and proinflammatory cytokines in infected cells treated with R-1 EPS. The results suggest that R-1 EPS modulated host innate immune responses, such as type I IFN and proinflammatory cytokine responses, during MNV infection, which may contribute to antiviral activity. Our results provide mechanistic insights into the host-directed antiviral effect of microbial EPS.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -