IMPACT OF CENTRALIZED NIKSHAY ON TB NOTIFICATION AND DATA COMPLETENESS IN INDIGENOUS TRIBES: A 21-YEAR STUDY

Abstract

BACKGROUNDIndigenous tribes face a disproportionately high tuberculosis (TB) burden due to deep-rooted socioeconomic disadvantage, highlighting the need for strengthened surveillance and control strategies.

METHODSWe conducted a 21-year retrospective study (2005-2025) among tribal and neighboring non-tribal populations attending a tribal-serving hospital in Karnataka. Pre-Nikshay data were transcribed from paper registers, and post-Nikshay data were obtained from the digital system. We assessed negative binomial interrupted time-series regression model, data completeness, TB risk factors, and used multivariable logistic regression to identify determinants of poor treatment outcomes and household contact screening yield.

RESULTSWe analyzed 1,512 TB cases (tribal = 1,021; non-tribal = 491). TB detection increased significantly over time, with a steeper rise among tribal populations (p<0.001). Nikshay implementation significantly improved data completeness (Wilcoxon W = 9900, p<0.001). Among tribal patients, males had higher odds of poor treatment outcome (aOR 2.81, 95% CI 1.70-4.85; p<0.001). Diabetes (aOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.05-4.03; p=0.029) was independently associated with poor treatment outcome. Among 503 index cases, 1,535 household contacts were identified and 1,161 (75.6%) screened; coverage was lower among tribal contacts (69.8% vs 87.2%; p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONSNikshay strengthened TB surveillance and improved assessment of TB burden and risk factors in tribal communities.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{rastogi2026impact,
  title = {{IMPACT OF CENTRALIZED NIKSHAY ON TB NOTIFICATION AND DATA COMPLETENESS IN INDIGENOUS TRIBES: A 21-YEAR STUDY}},
  author = {M. Rastogi and A. S. Babu and A. R and S. Vasanthaiah and P. Ponnusamy and N. N and R. M and D. Murthy and A. Pandey and K. G. Suryanarayana and R. Verma},
  howpublished = {medRxiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.64898/2026.10.13.26365279},
  url = {https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.13.26365279v1},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - IMPACT OF CENTRALIZED NIKSHAY ON TB NOTIFICATION AND DATA COMPLETENESS IN INDIGENOUS TRIBES: A 21-YEAR STUDY
AU  - M. Rastogi
AU  - A. S. Babu
AU  - A. R
AU  - S. Vasanthaiah
AU  - P. Ponnusamy
AU  - N. N
AU  - R. M
AU  - D. Murthy
AU  - A. Pandey
AU  - K. G. Suryanarayana
AU  - R. Verma
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/13
PB  - medRxiv
DO  - 10.64898/2026.10.13.26365279
UR  - https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.13.26365279v1
AB  - BACKGROUNDIndigenous tribes face a disproportionately high tuberculosis (TB) burden due to deep-rooted socioeconomic disadvantage, highlighting the need for strengthened surveillance and control strategies.  METHODSWe conducted a 21-year retrospective study (2005-2025) among tribal and neighboring non-tribal populations attending a tribal-serving hospital in Karnataka. Pre-Nikshay data were transcribed from paper registers, and post-Nikshay data were obtained from the digital system. We assessed negative binomial interrupted time-series regression model, data completeness, TB risk factors, and used multivariable logistic regression to identify determinants of poor treatment outcomes and household contact screening yield.  RESULTSWe analyzed 1,512 TB cases (tribal = 1,021; non-tribal = 491). TB detection increased significantly over time, with a steeper rise among tribal populations (p<0.001). Nikshay implementation significantly improved data completeness (Wilcoxon W = 9900, p<0.001). Among tribal patients, males had higher odds of poor treatment outcome (aOR 2.81, 95% CI 1.70-4.85; p<0.001). Diabetes (aOR 2.10, 95% CI 1.05-4.03; p=0.029) was independently associated with poor treatment outcome. Among 503 index cases, 1,535 household contacts were identified and 1,161 (75.6%) screened; coverage was lower among tribal contacts (69.8% vs 87.2%; p<0.001).  CONCLUSIONSNikshay strengthened TB surveillance and improved assessment of TB burden and risk factors in tribal communities.
ER  -

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