All-optical universal control of nuclear-spin qudits in trapped neutral atoms
Abstract
Quantum systems with more than two levels - so-called qudits - offer increased computational density and reduced circuit complexity compared to qubit-based architectures, but achieving universal and scalable control remains challenging. We propose an all-optical scheme for universal qudit control in trapped neutral atoms in moderate to high magnetic fields, focusing on the fermionic isotope 173Yb (I = 5/2). The strong hyperfine interaction in the 3P1 manifold enables fast and selective Raman transitions between nuclear-spin states in the 1S0 ground-state manifold using a single linearly polarized laser. For each neighboring transition in the qudit manifold, we identify a magic polarization angle that enables coherent, state-selective control while suppressing off-resonant excitations, with operation frequencies exceeding 100 kHz. Combined with phase-shift operations, this provides universal control of the full single-qudit space. We further discuss compatible two-qudit gates based on the Rydberg blockade mechanism, completing a universal gate set, and analyze state-selective readout schemes compatible with the proposed protocol. Our results identify 173Yb as a promising platform for high-fidelity, all-optical qudit-based quantum information processing.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{krondorfer2026alloptical,
title = {{All-optical universal control of nuclear-spin qudits in trapped neutral atoms}},
author = {Johannes K. Krondorfer and Matthias Diez and Andreas Kruckenhauser and Andreas W. Hauser},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.09715},
eprint = {2605.09715},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.09715},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - All-optical universal control of nuclear-spin qudits in trapped neutral atoms
AU - Johannes K. Krondorfer
AU - Matthias Diez
AU - Andreas Kruckenhauser
AU - Andreas W. Hauser
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/02
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.09715
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.09715
AB - Quantum systems with more than two levels - so-called qudits - offer increased computational density and reduced circuit complexity compared to qubit-based architectures, but achieving universal and scalable control remains challenging. We propose an all-optical scheme for universal qudit control in trapped neutral atoms in moderate to high magnetic fields, focusing on the fermionic isotope 173Yb (I = 5/2). The strong hyperfine interaction in the 3P1 manifold enables fast and selective Raman transitions between nuclear-spin states in the 1S0 ground-state manifold using a single linearly polarized laser. For each neighboring transition in the qudit manifold, we identify a magic polarization angle that enables coherent, state-selective control while suppressing off-resonant excitations, with operation frequencies exceeding 100 kHz. Combined with phase-shift operations, this provides universal control of the full single-qudit space. We further discuss compatible two-qudit gates based on the Rydberg blockade mechanism, completing a universal gate set, and analyze state-selective readout schemes compatible with the proposed protocol. Our results identify 173Yb as a promising platform for high-fidelity, all-optical qudit-based quantum information processing.
ER -