Stability and dynamics of dark-bright solitons in spin-orbit- and Rabi-coupled binary Bose-Einstein condensates
Abstract
We investigate the stability and nonlinear dynamics of dark--bright solitons in a one-dimensional binary Bose--Einstein condensate subjected to synthetic spin--orbit and Rabi couplings. In the absence of spin--orbit coupling, we map the coupled Gross--Pitaevskii equations onto the integrable Manakov model to obtain exact dark--bright soliton solutions, providing a rigorous theoretical benchmark. We demonstrate that finite spin--orbit coupling breaks integrability by inducing spin-dependent phase gradients that drive component-wise spatial separation and intrinsic density oscillations. By contrast, coherent Rabi driving enforces phase locking between spin components and supports robust breather-like excitations. Furthermore, we derive analytical continuity relations for mass and spin current densities, mapping the internal spin dynamics onto an internal Josephson-junction framework in which the gauge field acts as a continuous spatial momentum bias. Using imaginary-time propagation together with Bogoliubov--de Gennes analysis, we systematically characterise ground-state phases and excitation spectra for both symmetric and asymmetric interaction regimes in homogeneous and harmonically trapped systems. Real-time simulations further demonstrate that synthetic gauge fields and interaction quenches drive the system far from equilibrium, triggering modulational-instability-induced multi-soliton fragmentation, breathing stripe patterns, and non-equilibrium transport. Our results highlight the interplay of synthetic gauge fields, external confinement, and interaction engineering as powerful tools for controlling the stability and internal dynamics of multicomponent quantum fluids.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{rajaswathi2026stability,
title = {{Stability and dynamics of dark-bright solitons in spin-orbit- and Rabi-coupled binary Bose-Einstein condensates}},
author = {K. Rajaswathi and R. Ravisankar and R. Radha and P. K. Mishra and P. Muruganandam},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.04441},
eprint = {2605.04441},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04441},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Stability and dynamics of dark-bright solitons in spin-orbit- and Rabi-coupled binary Bose-Einstein condensates
AU - K. Rajaswathi
AU - R. Ravisankar
AU - R. Radha
AU - P. K. Mishra
AU - P. Muruganandam
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/14
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.04441
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.04441
AB - We investigate the stability and nonlinear dynamics of dark--bright solitons in a one-dimensional binary Bose--Einstein condensate subjected to synthetic spin--orbit and Rabi couplings. In the absence of spin--orbit coupling, we map the coupled Gross--Pitaevskii equations onto the integrable Manakov model to obtain exact dark--bright soliton solutions, providing a rigorous theoretical benchmark. We demonstrate that finite spin--orbit coupling breaks integrability by inducing spin-dependent phase gradients that drive component-wise spatial separation and intrinsic density oscillations. By contrast, coherent Rabi driving enforces phase locking between spin components and supports robust breather-like excitations. Furthermore, we derive analytical continuity relations for mass and spin current densities, mapping the internal spin dynamics onto an internal Josephson-junction framework in which the gauge field acts as a continuous spatial momentum bias. Using imaginary-time propagation together with Bogoliubov--de Gennes analysis, we systematically characterise ground-state phases and excitation spectra for both symmetric and asymmetric interaction regimes in homogeneous and harmonically trapped systems. Real-time simulations further demonstrate that synthetic gauge fields and interaction quenches drive the system far from equilibrium, triggering modulational-instability-induced multi-soliton fragmentation, breathing stripe patterns, and non-equilibrium transport. Our results highlight the interplay of synthetic gauge fields, external confinement, and interaction engineering as powerful tools for controlling the stability and internal dynamics of multicomponent quantum fluids.
ER -