Retrieving Metrological Information from Noisy Squeezed Spin States via Bayesian Optimization
Abstract
Frequency inhomogeneity can obscure the metrological advantage of squeezed spin states, making the choice of readout crucial. We study interacting spin-1/2 ensembles with static local frequency disorder and optimize a common collective readout over independent disorder realizations. Using Bayesian optimization of the full measurement-outcome distribution, we identify observables combining dipole and quadrupole operators that yield greater classical Fisher information than the optimized dipole readout considered here. For ensembles of up to 17 spins, their disorder-averaged CFI surpasses the standard quantum limit at both disorder strengths studied, including a regime where the dipole readout remains below it. For the larger ensembles studied, fixing the encoding axis to the direction that maximizes the disorder-averaged quantum Fisher information retains nearly the same performance. These results identify a route to extracting metrological information from frequency-disordered spin ensembles through the choice of collective observable.
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BibTeX
@misc{li2026retrieving,
title = {{Retrieving Metrological Information from Noisy Squeezed Spin States via Bayesian Optimization}},
author = {Enze Li and Yunjie Cai and Jingwei Zhang and Emi Yukawa},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.19471},
eprint = {2610.19471},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19471},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Retrieving Metrological Information from Noisy Squeezed Spin States via Bayesian Optimization
AU - Enze Li
AU - Yunjie Cai
AU - Jingwei Zhang
AU - Emi Yukawa
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.19471
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.19471
AB - Frequency inhomogeneity can obscure the metrological advantage of squeezed spin states, making the choice of readout crucial. We study interacting spin-1/2 ensembles with static local frequency disorder and optimize a common collective readout over independent disorder realizations. Using Bayesian optimization of the full measurement-outcome distribution, we identify observables combining dipole and quadrupole operators that yield greater classical Fisher information than the optimized dipole readout considered here. For ensembles of up to 17 spins, their disorder-averaged CFI surpasses the standard quantum limit at both disorder strengths studied, including a regime where the dipole readout remains below it. For the larger ensembles studied, fixing the encoding axis to the direction that maximizes the disorder-averaged quantum Fisher information retains nearly the same performance. These results identify a route to extracting metrological information from frequency-disordered spin ensembles through the choice of collective observable.
ER -