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201,683 studies31 sourcesUpdated 32 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0BMJ Open

Can metformin prolong pregnancy in preterm pre-eclampsia? Study protocol for a Nordic multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial (PI4)

  • Pia Gudmundsson1,2
  • Catherine Anne Cluver3,4,5
  • Anna Sandström6,7
  • Linda Lindström8,9
  • Simon Timpka10,11,12
  • Susanne Hesselman8,13
  • Caroline Lilliecreutz14,15
  • Sophia Brismar Wendel16,17
  • Emma Von Wowern11,12
  • Karolina Linden18
  • Ola Andersson19,20
  • Hanna Gyllensten18
27 more authors
  • Mårten Alkmark1,2
  • Emma Norrman1,2
  • Erica Wesslén1,2
  • Angla Mantel6,7
  • Marie Blomberg14,15
  • Hugo Aronzon17
  • Hannele Laivuori21,22,23,24
  • Pia Villa25
  • Trond Melbye Michelsen26,27
  • Ingvil Krarup Sørbye26,27
  • Camilla Haavaldsen28
  • Marie-Therese Vinnars29
  • Eleonor Tiblad6,30
  • Nadine Raab30
  • Elli Toivonen21,22
  • Ann Hellström31,32
  • Karin Sävman32,33,34
  • Hanna Ohlsson32
  • Stina Berver1,35
  • Emelie Ottosson36
  • Carina Bejlum37
  • Merit Kullinger8,38
  • Karin Stenfeldt39
  • Susan P Walker4,5
  • Stephen Tong4,5
  • Henrik Imberg1,40
  • Lina Bergman1,2,3,8
40 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  2. 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
  3. 3SAMRC Preeclampsia Extramural Research Unit, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
  4. 4Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, Mercy Hospital for Women, The University of Melbourne Melbourne Medical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  5. 5Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
  6. 6Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  7. 7Theme Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  8. 8Department of Women's and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
  9. 9Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
  10. 10Perinatal and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  11. 11Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden
  12. 12Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
  13. 13Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Falu lasarett, Falun, Sweden
  14. 14Clinical Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
  15. 15Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
  16. 16Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  17. 17Department of Women’s Health, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
  18. 18Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  19. 19Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University Faculty of Medicine, Lund, Sweden
  20. 20Department of Neonatology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden
  21. 21Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Centre for Child, Adolescent, and Maternal Health Research, Tampere Universities, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland
  22. 22Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland
  23. 23Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  24. 24Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
  25. 25Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland
  26. 26Department of Obstetrics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
  27. 27Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
  28. 28Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
  29. 29Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
  30. 30Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Norrland University Hospital, Umeå, Västerbotten County, Sweden
  31. 31Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Gothenburg Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
  32. 32Department of Paediatrics, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
  33. 33Department of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
  34. 34Department of Neonatology, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
  35. 35Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Södra Älvsborgs Hospital, Borås, Sweden
  36. 36Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
  37. 37Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Norra Älvsborg County Hospital, Trollhättan, Sweden
  38. 38Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Västerås Central Hospital, Västerås, Sweden
  39. 39Preeclampsia Patient Organization, Lund, Sweden
  40. 40Statistiska Konsultgruppen Sweden AB, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{gudmundsson2026metformin,
  title = {{Can metformin prolong pregnancy in preterm pre-eclampsia? Study protocol for a Nordic multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial (PI4)}},
  author = {Pia Gudmundsson and Catherine Anne Cluver and Anna Sandström and Linda Lindström and Simon Timpka and Susanne Hesselman and Caroline Lilliecreutz and Sophia Brismar Wendel and Emma Von Wowern and Karolina Linden and Ola Andersson and Hanna Gyllensten and Mårten Alkmark and Emma Norrman and Erica Wesslén and Angla Mantel and Marie Blomberg and Hugo Aronzon and Hannele Laivuori and Pia Villa and Trond Melbye Michelsen and Ingvil Krarup Sørbye and Camilla Haavaldsen and Marie-Therese Vinnars and Eleonor Tiblad and Nadine Raab and Elli Toivonen and Ann Hellström and Karin Sävman and Hanna Ohlsson and Stina Berver and Emelie Ottosson and Carina Bejlum and Merit Kullinger and Karin Stenfeldt and Susan P Walker and Stephen Tong and Henrik Imberg and Lina Bergman},
  journal = {BMJ Open},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120993},
  url = {https://bmjopen.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120993},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Can metformin prolong pregnancy in preterm pre-eclampsia? Study protocol for a Nordic multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial (PI4)
AU  - Pia Gudmundsson
AU  - Catherine Anne Cluver
AU  - Anna Sandström
AU  - Linda Lindström
AU  - Simon Timpka
AU  - Susanne Hesselman
AU  - Caroline Lilliecreutz
AU  - Sophia Brismar Wendel
AU  - Emma Von Wowern
AU  - Karolina Linden
AU  - Ola Andersson
AU  - Hanna Gyllensten
AU  - Mårten Alkmark
AU  - Emma Norrman
AU  - Erica Wesslén
AU  - Angla Mantel
AU  - Marie Blomberg
AU  - Hugo Aronzon
AU  - Hannele Laivuori
AU  - Pia Villa
AU  - Trond Melbye Michelsen
AU  - Ingvil Krarup Sørbye
AU  - Camilla Haavaldsen
AU  - Marie-Therese Vinnars
AU  - Eleonor Tiblad
AU  - Nadine Raab
AU  - Elli Toivonen
AU  - Ann Hellström
AU  - Karin Sävman
AU  - Hanna Ohlsson
AU  - Stina Berver
AU  - Emelie Ottosson
AU  - Carina Bejlum
AU  - Merit Kullinger
AU  - Karin Stenfeldt
AU  - Susan P Walker
AU  - Stephen Tong
AU  - Henrik Imberg
AU  - Lina Bergman
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/13
JO  - BMJ Open
DO  - 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120993
UR  - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/lookup/doi/10.1136/bmjopen-2026-120993
SN  - 2044-6055
SN  - 2044-6055
ER  -