Skip to content
DraconiticResearch
Search Sources API
203,234 studies31 sourcesUpdated 36 min ago
Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Plant Science

Paired TIR-NLRs of Arabidopsis thaliana have diverse recognition and activation mechanisms

  • Hayden Burdett1
  • Tana L. Holmes1
  • Hee-Kyung Ahn1
  1. 1Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, Daniel Rutherford Building, Kings Buildings, University of Edinburgh
Read full textPDFDOICite

Abstract

Recognition of pathogens by immune receptors is essential for immune response activation in plants. The NLR (Nucleotide-binding, Leucine-rich repeat) family of intracellular immune receptors recognise the presence of pathogens from within host plant cells. Some NLRs are exclusively ‘paired,’ and require each other for function. With the pathogen sensing and immune activation function separated between the ‘sensor’ and the ‘executor’ NLR, the paired NLR system is promising target for engineering for broad spectrum disease resistance. Here, we review our current understanding of the diversity, molecular mechanism, and evolution of Arabidopsis paired NLRs with N-terminal TIR (Toll, Interleukin-1 receptor) domains (TIR-NLRs). We conclude with examples of paired TIR-NLRs beyond Arabidopsis and Brassicaceae species.

Related

  1. Light-dependent activation of TCP4 by the GATA25 transcription factor promotes petiole and hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana
    K. Kim, J. Shin, W.-C. Kim
    bioRxivPreprintCC BYFull textPlant biologybioRxiv
  2. Mechanisms underlying the defective development of xyloglucan-deficient root hairs in Arabidopsis thaliana
    V. Zambare, G. McDermond, L. Alonso Baez +3
    bioRxivPreprintCC BY-NC-NDFull textCell biologybioRxiv
  3. Recognition-dependent activation of the Arabidopsis RRS1-R/RPS4 TIR-NLR immune receptor pair
    Heekyung Ahn, Guanghao Guo, Jan Sklenář +15
    Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesPeer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Full text5 citedPlant biologyOpenAlexPMC
  4. Overexpression of SiLEA_2-6 from Saussurea involucrata Enhances Salt and Osmotic Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)Peer-reviewedCC BYFull textPlant biologyEurope PMC
  5. Hypomagnetic field inhibits seed germination via ROS signaling and reprogramming transcriptome in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Y. Gu, W. Wu, X. Su +4
    bioRxivPreprintAll rights reservedFull textPlant biologybioRxiv

Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{burdett2026paired,
  title = {{Paired TIR-NLRs of Arabidopsis thaliana have diverse recognition and activation mechanisms}},
  author = {Hayden Burdett and Tana L. Holmes and Hee-Kyung Ahn},
  journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fpls.2026.1958275},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1958275/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Paired TIR-NLRs of Arabidopsis thaliana have diverse recognition and activation mechanisms
AU  - Hayden Burdett
AU  - Tana L. Holmes
AU  - Hee-Kyung Ahn
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
JO  - Frontiers in Plant Science
DO  - 10.3389/fpls.2026.1958275
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1958275/full
AB  - Recognition of pathogens by immune receptors is essential for immune response activation in plants. The NLR (Nucleotide-binding, Leucine-rich repeat) family of intracellular immune receptors recognise the presence of pathogens from within host plant cells. Some NLRs are exclusively ‘paired,’ and require each other for function. With the pathogen sensing and immune activation function separated between the ‘sensor’ and the ‘executor’ NLR, the paired NLR system is promising target for engineering for broad spectrum disease resistance. Here, we review our current understanding of the diversity, molecular mechanism, and evolution of Arabidopsis paired NLRs with N-terminal TIR (Toll, Interleukin-1 receptor) domains (TIR-NLRs). We conclude with examples of paired TIR-NLRs beyond Arabidopsis and Brassicaceae species.
SN  - 1664-462X
ER  -