Advanced Age and Low Parity as Predictors of Non-Endometrioid Histopathological Subtypes in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia.
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hasan Sadikin General Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
- 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prof. Dr Margono Soekarjo Regional Public Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Banyumas, Central Java, Indonesia.
Abstract
Background
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries and is increasing in incidence in low- and middle-income settings, including Indonesia. Age and parity are well-recognized epidemiological risk factors; however, their differential impact on histopathological tumor subtypes-particularly in older women-remains insufficiently characterized in Southeast Asian populations.Purpose
To evaluate the associations between patient age and parity with the histopathological subtype of endometrial carcinoma in women treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.Patients and methods
A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using retrospectively collected medical records from 207 patients aged ≥50 years with histopathologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Public Hospital, Purwokerto, between January and December 2024. Patients with incomplete clinicopathological data were excluded. Age was categorized into 50-60 years and >60 years; parity into nulliparous/primiparous and multiparous (≥2 deliveries). Histopathological subtypes were classified as endometrioid vs non-endometrioid carcinoma. Associations were evaluated using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression; statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) reported.Results
Of 207 eligible patients, the majority (92.5%) were aged 50-60 years. Non-endometrioid carcinoma predominated in women aged >60 years (p < 0.001; relative risk [RR] = 19.2; 95% CI: 8.7-42.0). Multiparous patients exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of endometrioid histology (93.8%) compared with nulliparous/primiparous patients (90.6%; p = 0.02; RR = 20.7). On multivariate analysis, both age and parity were predictors of histopathological subtype, with age demonstrating a stronger effect size.Conclusion
Advanced age (>60 years) and low parity are independently associated with non-endometrioid histopathological subtypes of endometrial carcinoma in an Indonesian tertiary center. These findings underscore the clinical importance of incorporating patient age and reproductive history into risk stratification and surveillance strategies for endometrial cancer.
Related
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- Recurrence patterns and adjuvant therapy in endometrioid early-stage endometrial cancer with a p53-abnormal pattern
BibTeX
@article{mustaqim2026advanced,
title = {{Advanced Age and Low Parity as Predictors of Non-Endometrioid Histopathological Subtypes in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia.}},
author = {Raden Fuad Mustaqim and Aditiyono Aditiyono and Gatot Nyarumenteng Adhipurnawan Winarno and Mohamad Egatama and Prastika Candra Triastuti and Laga Cahya Yudha},
journal = {International journal of women's health},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.2147/ijwh.s625423},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42960134},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Advanced Age and Low Parity as Predictors of Non-Endometrioid Histopathological Subtypes in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia.
AU - Raden Fuad Mustaqim
AU - Aditiyono Aditiyono
AU - Gatot Nyarumenteng Adhipurnawan Winarno
AU - Mohamad Egatama
AU - Prastika Candra Triastuti
AU - Laga Cahya Yudha
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/25
JO - International journal of women's health
DO - 10.2147/ijwh.s625423
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42960134
AB - Background Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy in developed countries and is increasing in incidence in low- and middle-income settings, including Indonesia. Age and parity are well-recognized epidemiological risk factors; however, their differential impact on histopathological tumor subtypes-particularly in older women-remains insufficiently characterized in Southeast Asian populations.Purpose To evaluate the associations between patient age and parity with the histopathological subtype of endometrial carcinoma in women treated at a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.Patients and methods A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using retrospectively collected medical records from 207 patients aged ≥50 years with histopathologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Public Hospital, Purwokerto, between January and December 2024. Patients with incomplete clinicopathological data were excluded. Age was categorized into 50-60 years and >60 years; parity into nulliparous/primiparous and multiparous (≥2 deliveries). Histopathological subtypes were classified as endometrioid vs non-endometrioid carcinoma. Associations were evaluated using chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression; statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05, with 95% confidence intervals (CI) reported.Results Of 207 eligible patients, the majority (92.5%) were aged 50-60 years. Non-endometrioid carcinoma predominated in women aged >60 years (p < 0.001; relative risk [RR] = 19.2; 95% CI: 8.7-42.0). Multiparous patients exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of endometrioid histology (93.8%) compared with nulliparous/primiparous patients (90.6%; p = 0.02; RR = 20.7). On multivariate analysis, both age and parity were predictors of histopathological subtype, with age demonstrating a stronger effect size.Conclusion Advanced age (>60 years) and low parity are independently associated with non-endometrioid histopathological subtypes of endometrial carcinoma in an Indonesian tertiary center. These findings underscore the clinical importance of incorporating patient age and reproductive history into risk stratification and surveillance strategies for endometrial cancer.
SN - 1179-1411
ER -