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Peer-reviewedCC BYScientific Reports

Research on refined classification method of surrounding rock based on game theory combination weighting - fuzzy cloud model

6 affiliations
  1. 1School of Civil Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering
  2. 2Tangshan Caofeidian Development Investment Group Co., Ltd
  3. 3Hebei Longteng Heavy Industry Technology Co., Ltd
  4. 4School of Energy and Mining, Shandong University of Science and Technology
  5. 5School of Civil Engineering, Guizhou University
  6. 6School of Business, Fuyang Normal University

Abstract

The surrounding rock classification system suffers from wide variations in surrounding rock quality across grades and significant disparities within the same grade, making it difficult to accurately assess surrounding rock quality and implement differentiated management in engineering practice. Accordingly, this paper summarises commonly used domestic surrounding rock classification methods and integrates five evaluation indicators to establish a refined surrounding rock classification index system. Subsequently, the membership degrees of the evaluation indicators were calculated using a cloud model, and a game-theoretic combination weighting method was applied to assign both objective and subjective weights to the evaluation indicators. Ultimately, surrounding rock grades were determined using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, thereby establishing a surrounding rock grading assessment model based on a game theory–based combined weighting–fuzzy cloud model. In a preliminary proof-of-concept on a small-scale dataset of 15 samples, this model achieved a classification accuracy of 93%; subsequent studies on larger datasets wil be conducted to verify its effectiveness and generalizability.

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BibTeX
@article{yang2026research,
  title = {{Research on refined classification method of surrounding rock based on game theory combination weighting - fuzzy cloud model}},
  author = {Yanfei Yang and Shuailong Jia and Dong Zhang and Xiaobo Li and Hui Li and Zhonghu Wu and Songyu Li},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-62068-3},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62068-3},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Research on refined classification method of surrounding rock based on game theory combination weighting - fuzzy cloud model
AU  - Yanfei Yang
AU  - Shuailong Jia
AU  - Dong Zhang
AU  - Xiaobo Li
AU  - Hui Li
AU  - Zhonghu Wu
AU  - Songyu Li
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Scientific Reports
DO  - 10.1038/s41598-026-62068-3
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-62068-3
AB  - The surrounding rock classification system suffers from wide variations in surrounding rock quality across grades and significant disparities within the same grade, making it difficult to accurately assess surrounding rock quality and implement differentiated management in engineering practice. Accordingly, this paper summarises commonly used domestic surrounding rock classification methods and integrates five evaluation indicators to establish a refined surrounding rock classification index system. Subsequently, the membership degrees of the evaluation indicators were calculated using a cloud model, and a game-theoretic combination weighting method was applied to assign both objective and subjective weights to the evaluation indicators. Ultimately, surrounding rock grades were determined using a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, thereby establishing a surrounding rock grading assessment model based on a game theory–based combined weighting–fuzzy cloud model. In a preliminary proof-of-concept on a small-scale dataset of 15 samples, this model achieved a classification accuracy of 93%; subsequent studies on larger datasets wil be conducted to verify its effectiveness and generalizability.
SN  - 2045-2322
ER  -